Sinfonevada: Dataset of Floristic diversity in Sierra Nevada forest (SE Spain)

Antonio Jesús Pérez Luque

doi:10.15468/4gpr7e

Sinfonevada: Dataset of Floristic diversity in Sierra Nevada forest (SE Spain)

Citation

Pérez Luque A J (2021). Sinfonevada: Dataset of Floristic diversity in Sierra Nevada forest (SE Spain). Version 1.6. Sierra Nevada Global Change Observatory. Andalusian Environmental Center, University of Granada, Regional Government of Andalusia. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/4gpr7e accessed via GBIF.org on 2024-11-03.

Description

The Sinfonevada database is a forest inventory that contains information on the forest ecosystem in Sierra Nevada mountains (SE Spain). The Sinfonevada dataset contains more than 7,500 occurrence records belonging to 270 taxa (15 of them are threatened) from floristic inventories of the Sinfonevada Forest inventory. Expert field workers collected the information. The whole dataset suffered a quality control executed by botanists with wide expertise in Sierra Nevada flora. This floristic inventory was created to gather information useful to properly manage Pinus plantations in Sierra Nevada. This is the only dataset that shows a comprehensive view of the forest flora in Sierra Nevada. This is the reason why it is being used to assess biodiversity in the very dense pine plantations existing in Sierra Nevada. Thanks to this dataset, managers have improved their ability to decide where execute forest treatments avoiding biodiversity loss. The dataset is integrated in the Sierra Nevada Global Change Observatory (OBSNEV), a long-term research project designed to compile socio-ecological information on the major ecosystem types in order to identify the impacts of global change in this area.

Sampling Description

Study Extent

The floristic inventories was conducted at the Sierra Nevada (Andalusia, southeast Spain). Forest cover in Sierra Nevada is dominated by pine plantations (Pinus halepensis Mill., Pinus pinaster Ait., Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco, and Pinus sylvestris L.) that covering approximately 40,000 ha. Most of them are plantations from the period 1960–1980. The main native forests of Sierra Nevada are dominated by the evergreen holm oak Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (Desf,) Samp. occuping low and medium mountain areas (8,800 ha.) and Pyrenean oak Quercus pyeranaica Willd ranging between 1,100–2,000 m a.s.l. with an occupation area of about 2,000 ha.

Sampling

SINFONEVADA Forest Inventory was done over an extensive network of 600 long-term permanent plots distributed within the main forest units of the Sierra Nevada: pine plantations, evergreen Q. ilex forests, and deciduous broadleaf forests. The network of plots is a random sample stratiﬁed by land cover and altitude, covering a gradient of 974–2439 m a.s.l. Each inventory plot has three sample units i) a forest inventory plot (20 x 20 m); ii) a 5-m radius subplot for the estimation of the regeneration; iii) and a 10-m radius subplot for species composition and abundance. Each live tree with a diameter at breast height (dbh) > 7.5 cm was tallied by species and dbh in the forest inventory plot. This information was used to calculate forest attributes (tree basal area, tree volume, canopy cover). The regeneration was measured in the 5-m radius subplot (78.5 m2 in area) as seedling abundance of the main tree species. The species composition and diversity was recorder within 10-m radius subplot (314 m2 in area) using the Braun-Blanquet cover-abundance scale (Braun-Blanquet, 1964).

Quality Control

Prior to the store this information in the database, all the data were assessed by a quality control process. Each sampling plot was checked to ensure whether the geographical coordinates were correct. We used the databases of International Plant Names Index (IPNI, 2013) and Catalogue of Life/Species 2000 (Roskov et al 2013) to verify the taxonomical classification. The taxonomic identification of the specimens was done using Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al. 1986-2005) for the published families and, for the rest of taxa, we used Valdés et al. (1987) and Tutin et al. (1964-1980).

Method steps

The SINFONEVADA Darwin Core Archive is a custom made SQL view of the original SINFONEVADA database obtained from a Forest Inventory. This information is stored within Information System of Sierra Nevada Global Change Observatory. The view shows occurrence data collected in the floristic inventories associate with the forest inventory. We only included records that are accepted for publication.

Taxonomic Coverages

Most of the species recorded in the inventories belong to class Magnoliopsida (6042 records; 76.28 %) and Liliopsida (1171 records; 14.78 %). Among the top ten of the orders includes Poales (1153 records; 14.56 %) for Liliopsida class, Lamiales (1062 records; 13.41 %) for Magnoliopsida and Pinales (569 records; 7.18 %). 57 families are represented in these collection with Poaceae, Fabaceae and Lamiaceae as the families with major number of records. The collection includes 270 taxa belonging to 159 genera being Pinus and Thymus the most represented in the database.

Gnetopsida
rank: class
Liliopsida (Monocotyledones)
rank: class
Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledones)
rank: class
Pinopsida
rank: class
Polypodiopsida
rank: class
Apiales
rank: order
Asparagales
rank: order
Asterales
rank: order
Brassicales
rank: order
Caryophyllales
rank: order
Cucurbitales
rank: order
Cupressales
rank: order
Dipsacales
rank: order
Ephedrales
rank: order
Ericales
rank: order
Fabales
rank: order
Fagales
rank: order
Gentianales
rank: order
Geraniales
rank: order
Lamiales
rank: order
Liliales
rank: order
Malpighiales
rank: order
Malvales
rank: order
Pinales
rank: order
Poales
rank: order
Polypodiales
rank: order
Ranunculales
rank: order
Rosales
rank: order
Santalales
rank: order
Sapindales
rank: order
Saxifragales
rank: order
Solanales
rank: order
Umbellales
rank: order
Amaryllidaceae
rank: family
Anacardiaceae
rank: family
Apiaceae
rank: family
Apocynaceae
rank: family
Araliaceae
rank: family
Asparagaceae
rank: family
Asteraceae
rank: family
Berberidaceae
rank: family
Brassicaceae
rank: family
Capparaceae
rank: family
Caprifoliaceae
rank: family
Caryophyllaceae
rank: family
Cistaceae
rank: family
Clusiaceae
rank: family
Colchicaceae
rank: family
Convolvulaceae
rank: family
Coriariaceae
rank: family
Crassulaceae
rank: family
Cupressaceae
rank: family
Cyperaceae
rank: family
Dennstaedtiaceae
rank: family
Dipsacaceae
rank: family
Ephedraceae
rank: family
Ericaceae
rank: family
Euphorbiaceae
rank: family
Fabaceae
rank: family
Fagaceae
rank: family
Geraniaceae
rank: family
Iridaceae
rank: family
Juglandaceae
rank: family
Juncaceae
rank: family
Lamiaceae
rank: family
Leguminosae
rank: family
Oleaceae
rank: family
Orchidaceae
rank: family
Paeoniaceae
rank: family
Pinaceae
rank: family
Plantaginaceae
rank: family
Plumbaginaceae
rank: family
Poaceae
rank: family
Polygonaceae
rank: family
Ranunculaceae
rank: family
Resedaceae
rank: family
Rhamnaceae
rank: family
Rosaceae
rank: family
Rubiaceae
rank: family
Rutaceae
rank: family
Salicaceae
rank: family
Santalaceae
rank: family
Sapindaceae
rank: family
Scrophulariaceae
rank: family
Smilacaceae
rank: family
Thymelaeaceae
rank: family
Ulmaceae
rank: family
Umbelliferae
rank: family
Urticaceae
rank: family
Violaceae
rank: family
Plantae
rank: kingdom
Pteridophyta
rank: phylum
Spermatophyta
rank: phylum

Geographic Coverages

Sierra Nevada (Andalusia, SE Spain), is a mountainous region with an altitudinal range between 860 m and 3482 m a.s.l. covering more than 2000 km2 . The climate is Mediterranean, characterized by cold winters and hot summers, with pronounced summer drought (July-August). The annual average temperature decreases in altitude from 12-16ºC below 1500 m to 0ºC above 3000 m a.s.l., and the annual average precipitation is about 600 mm. Additionally, the complex orography of the mountains causes strong climatic contrasts between the sunny, dry south-facing slopes and the shaded, wetter north-facing slopes. Annual precipitation ranges from less than 250 mm in the lowest parts of the mountain range to more than 700 mm in the summit areas. Winter precipitation is mainly in the form of snow above 2000 m of altitude. The Sierra Nevada mountain range hosts a high number of endemic plant species (c. 80; Lorite et al. 2007) for a total of 2,100 species of vascular plants (25% and 20% of Spanish and European flora, respectively), being considered one of the most important biodiversity hotspots in the Mediterranean region (Blanca et al. 1998).
This mountain range has several legal protections: Biosphere Reserve MAB Committee UNESCO; Special Protection Area and Site of Community Importance (Natura 2000 network); and National Park. The area includes 61 municipalities with more than 90,000 inhabitants. The main economic activities are agriculture, tourism, cattle raising, beekeeping, mining, and skiing (Bonet el al. 2010). The SINFONEVADA forest inventory was conducted in the main forests of Sierra Nevada mountainous region (Figure 1) (for a description of Sierra Nevada see study area of the Project section). The main forest units of Sierra Nevada (Figure 5) are pine plantations (Pinus halepensis Mill., Pinus pinaster Ait., Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco, and Pinus sylvestris L.), evergreen holm oak Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp forests, deciduous broadleaf forests (Quercus pyrenaica Willd, Acer opalus subsp. granatense (Boiss.) Font Quer & Rothm., Sorbus aria (L.) Crantz), and autochthonous pine Pinus sylvestris L. var. nevadensis Christ forests.

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Contacts

Antonio Jesús Pérez Luque
originator
position: Tecnical Contact
Laboratorio de Ecología (iEcolab), Centro Andaluz de Medio Ambiente (CEAMA), Universidad de Granada
Avenida del Mediterráneo s/n
Granada
18006
Granada
ES
Telephone: +34 958 249748
email: ajperez@ugr.es
homepage: http://www.iecolab.es

Antonio Jesús Pérez Luque
metadata author
position: Metadata Provider
Laboratorio de Ecología (iEcolab), Centro Andaluz de Medio Ambiente (CEAMA), Universidad de Granada
Avenida del Mediterráneo s/n
Granada
18006
Granada
ES
Telephone: +34 958 249748
email: ajperez@ugr.es
homepage: http://www.iecolab.es

Regino Jesús Zamora Rodíguez
author
position: Researcher
Grupo de Ecología Terrestre, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Granada
Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n
Granada
18071
Granada
ES
Telephone: (+34) 958 241000 ext 20037

Francisco Javier Bonet García
author
position: Researcher
Laboratorio de Ecología (iEcolab), Centro Andaluz de Medio Ambiente (CEAMA), Universidad de Granada
Avenida del Mediterráneo s/n
Granada
18006
Granada
ES
Telephone: +34 958 249748
email: fjbonet@ugr.es
homepage: http://www.iecolab.es

Antonio Jesús Pérez Luque
author
position: Researcher
Laboratorio de Ecología (iEcolab), Centro Andaluz de Medio Ambiente (CEAMA), Universidad de Granada
Avenida del Mediterráneo s/n
Granada
18006
Granada
ES
Telephone: +34 958 249748
email: ajperez@ugr.es
homepage: http://www.iecolab.es

Ramón Pérez Pérez
author
position: Researcher
Laboratorio de Ecología (iEcolab), Centro Andaluz de Medio Ambiente (CEAMA), Universidad de Granada
Avenida del Mediterráneo s/n
Granada
18006
Granada
ES
Telephone: +34 958 249748
email: ramon@ugr.es
homepage: http://www.iecolab.es

Rut Aspizua Cantón
author
position: Collector
Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua de Andalucía. Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca y Medio Ambiente. Junta de Andalucía
C/ Joaquina Egüaras, 10
Granada
18003
Granada
ES
Telephone: NA

Juan Lorite
author
position: Researcher
Departamento de Botánica, Universidad de Granada
acultad de Ciencias, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n
Granada
18071
Granada
ES
Telephone: NA

Francisco Javier Bonet García
administrative point of contact
position: Researcher
Laboratorio de Ecología (iEcolab), Centro Andaluz de Medio Ambiente (CEAMA), Universidad de Granada
Avenida del Mediterráneo s/n
Granada
18006
Granada
ES
Telephone: +34 958 249748
email: fjbonet@ugr.es
homepage: http://www.iecolab.es