Odontozona edwardsi (Bouvier 1908)

Habitat. This rare species has been collected by beam trawl or epibenthic sled in sandy mud bottoms among coral, shells, sponges, pteropods and forams.

(Figs. 1 – 3)

Redescription. Male lectotype (MNHN Na 2946) severely damaged, missing telson and most appendages; therefore redescription based mostly on the female syntype (MNHN Na 2946); mouthparts dissected from male syntype; (MNHN Na 2945); variation among specimens summarized in redescription. A slender stenopodid shrimp with a compressed body. Rostrum (Figs. 1, 2 A) long, reaching slightly past antennular peduncle, directed downwards and upturned at tip. Dorsal margin bearing 8 – 13 teeth, ventral margin with 1 – 4 teeth; no lateral teeth. Carapace (Figs. 1, 2 A) with strong inferior orbital, antennal, branchiostegal, and hepatic spines; 3 – 7 small pterygostomial spines. Cervical groove deep with 14 – 26 spines along posterior margin; area posterior to postorbital margin with several large spines; few small spines occasionally posterior to pterygostomial angle. Ventrolateral carapace angle and branchiostegite slightly rounded. Abdomen (Figs. 1, 2 B, 3 A) narrow, compressed, dorsally glabrous. Transverse grooves present on first three pleomeres; lateral margin of first pleuron with 1 or 2 anterior teeth; lateral margin of second pleuron rounded, glabrous in females, with small posterior tooth in males; lateral margin of third pleuron with small posterior tooth in females, 2 anterior and 3 posterior teeth in males; lateral margin of fourth pleuron with 2 or 3 posterior teeth in females, 2 anterior and 3 posterior teeth in males; lateral margin of fifth pleuron with 3 posterior teeth in females, one tooth in males; dorso-transverse carina on sixth pleomere, lateral margin usually with strong tooth (Fig. 3 B). Males with first to fifth pleomeres with strong ventral median spine; fourth to eighth thoracic sternites with few small spines; sixth to eighth sternites of females unarmed, broader than males. Telson (Fig. 3 C) lance-shaped, nearly twice as long as sixth pleomere with median groove flanked by two longitudinal carinae bearing 5 posteriorly directed spines. Each lateral margin bearing distinct tooth at midlength, provided with numerous long plumose setae along posterior three-fifths. Eyes (Figs. 1, 2 A) well-developed with peduncle equal in length to unpigmented cornea. Dorsal surface of peduncle bears 2 or 3 spines, anterior margin with 2 – 4 spines. Antennular peduncle (Fig, 2 E) short, extending to middle of scaphocerite; proximal segment longest with short, acute stylocerite proximally and small plumose lobe distally on outer margin, 2 distal spines on inner margin; middle segment 0.5 length of proximal segment with 2 spines on inner margin, large distal spine on outer margin; distal segment equal in length to middle segment, unarmed. Upper and lower flagella short reaching to middle of second pleomere. Antenna (Figs. 1, 2 C, D) with large basicerite, with 3 spines; scaphocerite twice as long as broad, lateral margin straight, with 5 – 9 teeth including terminal tooth. Dorsal surface of scaphocerite with 2 distinct longitudinal carinae, no spinules, ventral surface unarmed. Flagellum well developed extending beyond tip of telson. Epistome (Fig. 2 F) anteriorly triangular with 4 submedian spines; labrum normally developed; paragnath with median fissure. Mandible (Figs. 2 G, H) robust, with short, fused molar and incisor processes. Molar surface nearly smooth, incisor with 9 small teeth. Palp well developed, 3 - segmented, segments of subequal length; proximal segment glabrous, middle and distal segments setose. Maxillule (Fig. 2 I) with slender, undivided endopod bearing 5 plumose setae distally. Proximal endite moderately broad, truncate distally, with numerous distal compound spinose and plumose setae. Distal endite of subequal size, rounded distally, with numerous plumose setae. Maxilla (Fig. 2 J) with numerous plumose setae on both lobes of coxal and basal endites. Endopod long, slender, exceeding anterior margin of scaphognathite with distal and outer marginal plumose setae. Scaphognathite long, narrow, fringed with numerous plumose setae, rounded terminal margin with 10 long plumose setae. First maxilliped (Fig. 2 K) with 3 - segmented endopod; proximal segment longer than wide, with 12 long plumose setae laterally along outer margin, inner margin with 4 short plumose setae; middle segment about 0.5 length of proximal with 10 long plumose setae along outer margin; distal segment short, slender with simple terminal seta. Basipodite large, rounded anterior, concave middle, rounded posterior, bearing dense fringe plumose setae; coxopodite bilobed, each lobe with numerous plumose setae. Exopod well developed, flagellum with 17 long plumose distolateral setae. Large epipod with slender proximal and distal lobes of equal length. Second maxilliped (Fig. 2 L) with 4 - jointed endopod; dactylus suboval with dense fringe of short setae along distodorsal margin; propodus equal dactylar length, densely setose on dorsal margin, ventral margin bearing acute proximal tooth; carpus short, 0.75 propodal length, unarmed; merus 3 times dactylar length, ventral margin slightly convex with fringe of numerous long simple setae; ischium fused to basis, both lobate with dense fringe of short setae; coxa with 5 short setae. Exopod long, slender, undivided with distal third bearing 22 plumose setae; tiny epipod present; arthrobranch and podobranch also present. Third maxilliped (Fig. 2 M) with 7 - segmented endopod, dactyus, propodus and carpus subequal in length, with numerous long plumose setae; propodus with setiferous organ at distomesial angle; merus and ischium equal length, merus with 3 – 6 large outer marginal spines, 4 lateral spines, ischium with 3 – 8 large outer marginal spines, 3 – 6 small inner marginal spines; basis and coxa fused, unarmed; exopod long with distal half bearing numerous plumose setae. First pereiopod (Fig. 3 D) smallest, shortest cheliped, all segments without spines; chela slender, long with fingers and palm subequal in length, cutting edge with indistinct ridge. Fingers bearing small tufts of long setae; distoventral part of carpus and distoproximal part of propodus bearing weak setiferous organ. Carpus longest segment, twice ischial length. Second pereiopod (Fig. 3 E) longer than first, cutting edge of chela similar to first, tips of fingers with small tufts of long setae. Pereiopod glabrous except for few scattered simple setae. Carpus longest segment, more than twice length of ischium. Third pereiopod (Figs. 1, 3 F, G) strongest, robust, longer than entire length of body; propodus, carpus, merus subequal in length. Palm with dorsal row of 11 – 14 spinules, ventral row of 4 – 8 spinules, few scattered spinules on dorsal and ventral surfaces. Fingers elongate with sharp crossing tips; dactylus glabrous, cutting edge with chitinous ridge with large proximal tooth fitting into shallow depression of chitinous ridge on the cutting edge of propodus. Carpus with 4 – 8 dorsal marginal spines, 0 – 5 ventral marginal spinules, 1 – 5 dorsomedial spines. Merus with 4 dorsal marginal spinules, 5 – 8 ventral marginal spinules. Ischium with 4 ventral marginal spinules. Fourth and fifth pereiopods (Figs. 3 H, I) long, slender, fifth slightly longer than fourth. Dactyli biunguiculate with unguis separated from dactylar corpus. Propodus subdivided into 2 – 5 segments bearing 11 – 28 ventral movable spines. Carpus subdivided into 4 or 5 segments bearing 2 – 5 ventral movable spines. Merus and ischium with few simple setae. First pleopods uniramous, others biramous, all lacking appendices; ventral margin of basipodites on pleopod 2 – 5 armed with 3 spinules in males; all pleopodal basipodites of females glabrous. Uropod (Fig. 3 C) equal to length of telson; protopodite stout ending with 4 distal teeth, rounded proximal knob. Exopod wider than endopod with 7 – 11 acute teeth on outer margins; dorsal surface with 2 longitudinal carinae. Endopod without outer marginal teeth, 2 dorsal longitudinal carinae. Measurements. (mm) Postorbital carapace length: females 2.7 – 5.1, males 2.7 – 4.4; carapace and rostrum length: females 4.0 – 6.9, males 3.4 – 6.4; total body length: females 7.5 – 17.2, males 7.5 – 15.5. Color pattern. Unknown Development. Ovigerous females range in size from 4.1 – 5.1 mm postorbital carapace length, 11.7 – 15.4 mm total length and carried 4 – 11 eggs. Eggs at blastula stage with undifferentiated yolk cells were 1.25 × 1.50 mm in size, while eggs with embryos having pigmented eyes and well developed appendages were 1.40 × 0.93 mm in size.

Diagnosis. Moderately small stenopodid shrimp with slender, laterally compressed body, with few spinous processes; carapace with few spinules, distinct cincture of spinules along posterior margin of cervical groove, inferior orbital, antennal, branchiosteal, hepatic and pterygostomial spines present. Abdomen with transverse grooves on first three pleomeres, dorso-transverse carina on sixth pleomere, lateral pleura ending in few spinules. Second maxilliped with short tooth-like projection on ventral propodal margin. Third maxilliped with spinous ischial, meral margins. Third pereiopods with spinous margins on all segments. Carpus and propodus of fourth and fifth pereiopods with 5 and 4 segments respectively.

Distribution. Northwestern African coast, off Morocco, Western Sahara and Mauritanie; Gulf of Cadiz and off Roscoff, France. Specimens were collected at depths of 511 to 2070 m, with an average depth of 941 m.

Material examined. (1) male lectotype, cl 5.2, ov., female syntype, cl 5.3, Les Pilones, Sudan, 25 ° 39 ' N 18 ° 22 ' W, Talisman No. 72, depth 882 m, 3 July 1883, sandy mud, coral & shells, MNHN Na 2946; (2) 2 male syntypes, cls 5.4, 5.4, south of Cape Bojador, 25 ° 39 ' N 18 ° 18 ' W, Talisman No. 70, depth 698 m, 10 July 1883, sandy mud, coral & shells, MNHN Na 2944; (3) male syntype, cl 5.0, female syntype, cl 6.1, south of Cape Bojador, 25 ° 39 ' N 18 ° 18 ' W, Talisman No. 71, depth 640 m, 9 July 1883, sandy mud, coral & shells, MNHN Na 2945; (4) male syntype, cl 4.6, female syntype, cl 4.4, Maroc, 33 ° 43 ' N 11 ° 22 ' W, Talisman No. 20, depth 1105 m, 14 June 1883, sand, sponges, MNHN Na 2948; (5) male syntype, cl 4.3, 2 female syntypes, cls 4.6, 4.7, Maroc, 33 ° 43 ' N 11 ° 22 ’ W, Talisman No. 20, depth 1105 m, 14 June 1883, sand, sponges, MNHN Na 2949; (6) male, cl 3.5, 44 ° 05 ' N 9 ° 26.4 ' W – 45 ° 05 N 9 ° 23.3 ' W, Travailler dragage No. 39, depth 1225 – 953 m, 15 Aug 1881, MNHN Na; (7) 2 males. cls 5.7, 3.4, female, cl 5.7, Thalassa 1971, Banc d’Arguin, Mauritanie, 18 ° 22 ' N 16 ° 36 ' W, MNHN Na; (8) female, cl 4.0, Thalassa 1971, Stn 352, MNHN Na; (9) male, cl 6.0, Roscoff, 44 ° 07.5 ' N 04 ° 43.8 ' W – 44 ° 06.9 ' N 04 ° 44 ' W, Thalassa, Stn 349, depth 900 – 600 m, 6 Oct 1971, MNHN Na; (10) male, cl 5.0, 47 ° 33.8 ' N 07 ° 12.6 ' W, Thalassa 1973, depth 511 m, MNHN Na; (11) female, cl 5.3, 48 ° 34 ' N 10 ° 56.6 ' W – 48 ° 32.9 ' N 10 ° 45 ' W, Thalassa 1973 – 2453, depth 1975 – 2070 m, Stn 303, MNHN Na; (12) male, cl 3.6, 3 females cls 3.5, 5.0, 5.2, CENTOB BALGIM 84, 35 ° 31.3 ' N 07 ° 26.2 ' W, N. O. Cryos stn CP 62, depth 1209 – 1302 m, 6 Apr 1984, muddy bottom, foram, pteropod, MNHN Na 11902; (13) female, cl 6.2, CENTOB BALGIM 84, Golfe Ibero-Marocain, 34 ° 22.3 ' N 07 ° 25.1 ' W, N. O. Cryos stn CP 91, depth 948, shell, pteropod, hexactinellid, MNHN Na 11903: (14) ov., female, cl 5.6, Atlantic, 48 ° 54.59 ' N 11 ° 12.08 ' W, Thalassa-Procelt stn 67, depth 730 – 840 m, 23 June 1984, MNHN Na; (15) 4 males, cls 3.7, 4.2, 4.8, 5.2, 5 females, cls 4.0, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.4, CENTOB Seamount 1 -, Atlantic, Portugal & Golfe Hispano- Marocain, Banc Galice, 42 ° 52.4 ' N 11 ° 50.6 ' W, N. O. Noroit, stn DW 116, depth 985 – 1000 m, 20 Oct 1988, MNHN Na; (16) male, cl 6.4, 2 females (1 ov.), cls 5.4, 6.9, CENTOB Seamount 1 - Atlantic, Portugal & Golfe Hispano- Marocain, Banc Galice, 42 ° 43.4 ' N 11 ° 45.1 ' W, N. O. Noroit, stn DW 117, depth 770 m, 20 Oct 1988, MNHN Na.