Glenognatha caparu Cabra-García & Brescovit 2016
- Dataset
- Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)
- Rank
- SPECIES
- Published in
- Jimmy Cabra-García, Antonio D. Brescovit (2016): Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae). Zootaxa 4069 (1): 1-183, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4069.1.1
Classification
- kingdom
- Animalia
- phylum
- Arthropoda
- class
- Arachnida
- order
- Araneae
- family
- Tetragnathidae
- genus
- Glenognatha
- species
- Glenognatha caparu
description
Male (holotype). Habitus as in Figures 67 A – D. Carapace yellow-brownish, darker along furrows. Sternum dark brown, with dusky bands oriented towards the median region. Abdomen spherical, dorsally with irregular pattern of two longitudinal black bands on sides and some dark patches on the postero-median region. Silver guanine spots scattered in the entire dorsal surface and the median lateral surfaces. Venter with a diffused dusky median band, darker around epigastric furrow and two lighter lateral bands with some silver guanine spots. Legs light yellow-brownish with distal parts of segments darker. Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Total length 2.62. Cephalothorax 1.17 long, 0.85 wide, 0.62 high. Abdomen 1.60 long, 1.15 wide, 1.15 high. Sternum 0.52 long, 0.53 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.09. ALE 0.08. PME 0.08. PLE 0.07. AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.09, PME-PLE 0.11, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 1.66. Chelicerae with the same coloration of the cephalothorax. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth (Figs. 68 A – C) Anterior tooth present (Figs. 68 A, C). Cheliceral fang outgrowth well-developed (Fig. 68 A). Leg measurements: I: femur 1.45, patella 0.37, tibia 1.55, metatarsus 1.25, tarsus 0.65, total 5.27; II: 1.25, 0.35, 1.27, 1.20, 0.55, 4.62; III: 0.92, 0.25, 0.63, 0.70, 0.45, 2.96; IV: 1.27, 0.27, 1.02, 1.00, 0.47, 4.05. DTS 0.17. DTE 0.52. Palp as in Figures 69 E – H. Conductor with rugose texture (Figs. 69 C, 71 H). Embolus straight with 180 º curved tip (Figs. 69 D, 70 F – I). Female (paratype AMNH). Habitus as in Figures 67 E – H. Carapace brown, darker along furrows, with a median longitudinal dusky band. Sternum dark brown, darker on the edges. Abdomen spherical, strongly depigmentated, dorsally with dusky patches. Silver guanine spots absent. Venter with a diffused dusky median band, and two lighter bands on sides. Gonopore region and book lung covers lighter. Legs light yellow-brownish with distal parts of segments darker. Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Total length 3.1. Cephalothorax 1.45 long, 0.97 wide, 0.70 high. Abdomen 1.67 long, 1.55 wide, 1.60 high. Sternum 0.65 long, 0.62 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.09. ALE 0.08. PME 0.08. PLE 0.06. AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.13, PME-PME 0.10, PME-PLE 0.12, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 2.22. Chelicerae slightly darker than the cephalothorax. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth (Figs. 68 D-F). Ret 1 enlarged (Figs. 68 E-F). Leg measurements: I: femur 1.90, patella 0.40, tibia 1.90, metatarsus 1.72, tarsus 0.82, total 6.75; II: 1.93, 0.42, 1.65, 1.25, 0.75, 6.01; III: 1.17, 0.42, 0.77, 0.90, 0.47, 3.75; IV: 1.57, 0.32, 1.35, 1.15, 0.52, 4.92. DTS 0.30. DTE 0.50. Tracheal system as in Figures 70 L – M. Spermathecae well-developed (Figs. 70 A – E). Uterus externus divided in three portions (Fig. 70 B). Variation. Male total length 2.0 – 2.7 (N = 10; average 2.4), cephalothorax length 1.0 – 1.2 (N = 10; average 1.1), femur I length 1.3 – 1.6 (N = 10; average 1.5). Female total length 2.3 – 3.1 (N = 5; average 2.6), cephalothorax length 1.0 – 1.4 (N = 5; average 1.2), femur I length 1.2 – 1.9 (N = 5; average 1.6).
description
Types. Male holotype from Estación Biológica Caparu, Lago Taraira. Taraira, Vaupés, Colombia, [1 º 4´S, 69 º 29´W], elev. [128 m], 11. iv. 2004, J. Pinzón leg., deposited in ICN 5979; Paratypes: 2 ♂ 1 ♀ from the type locality, same data as the holotype, deposited in ICN 5980; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ from Igarapé forest of upper Rio Yaciba, [Amazonas], Venezuela, [1 º 14´N, 66 º 44´W], elev. [109 m], 7. xii. 1953, W. M. Beebe leg., deposited in AMNH; 1 ♂ from Estação Científica Ferreira Penna, Melgaço, Pará, Brazil, 1 º 43´21.6 ´´ S, 51 º 25´51.2 ´´ W, elev. [40 m], 1993 – 2009?, A. B. Bonaldo leg., deposited in MPEG 19083; 1 ♂ from 15 km E Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios, Peru, 12 º 33´S, 69 º 3´W, elev. 200 m, 10. vii. 1989, D. Silva leg., deposited in MUSM 0 504904.
diagnosis
Diagnosis. Males of G. caparu can be distinguished from all other Glenognatha species by the presence of small sharpened projections on the conductor lamina (Figs. 69 C, 71 H). Females resemble those of G. mendezi and G. lacteovittata in having a conspicuously enlarged Ret 1 (Fig. 68 C). They are distinguished from the former in having numerous gland ducts on the spermathecae (Figs. 70 C – D) and from the latter in having well-developed spermathecae (Figs. 70 C – D).
distribution
Distribution. Known from Amazonian regions of Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, Venezuela and Suriname (Fig. 133).
etymology
Etymology. The species epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
materials_examined
Additional material examined (N = 16). PERU: Loreto: P. N. Pacaya-Samiria Pithecia, 5 º 6´S, 74 º 50´W, elev. 100 m, 16. viii. 1989, D. Silva leg., 1 ♂ 3 ♀ 6 immature (MUSM 0504921). Madre de Dios: Zona Reservada de Manu, Puesto de Vigilancia., Pakitsa, 11 º 58´S, 71 º 18´W, elev. [425 m], 6. x. 1987, D. Silva & J. Coddington leg., 1 ♀ (USNM). SURINAME: [Para]: Carolina Creek, 10 km from Zanderij, [5 º 27´N, 55 º 12´W], elev. [27 m], B. Malkin leg., 1 ♂ (AMNH). BOLIVIA: Beni: Rio Benicito, Chacobo Indian Village, 12 º 30´S, 66 ºW], elev. [156 m], 10.31. vii. 1960, B. Malkin leg., 1 ♀ (AMNH). BRAZIL: Amazonas: Barcelos, Terra Indigena Yanomani, [0 º 58´24.96 ´´ S, 62 º 55´38.3 ´´ W], elev. [31 m], 21. x. 2006, Nogueira & Braga-Neto leg., 1 ♂ (INPA). Rondônia: Guajará-Mirim, Parque Estadual Guajará, [10 º 48´41.98 ´´ S, 66 º 18´41.36 ´´ W], elev. [132 m], 18. i — 13. iv. 1998, Lawne J. Vitte & T. C. Ávila-Pires leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MCTP 11373).