Microorganisms (Bacteria 16S; Eukaryota 18S) from soil crusts in polar (Arctic and Antarctic) ecosystems
Citation
Rippin M, Lange S, Sausen N, Becker B, Sweetlove M (2019). Microorganisms (Bacteria 16S; Eukaryota 18S) from soil crusts in polar (Arctic and Antarctic) ecosystems. Version 1.1. SCAR - Microbial Antarctic Resource System. Metadata dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/8fmfo4 accessed via GBIF.org on 2024-09-04.Description
Amplicon sequencing dataset (Illumina MiSeq) of Bacteria and Eukaryotes in Soil crusts on Svalbard and AntarcticaSampling Description
Study Extent
Biological soil crust samples were collected from the Arctic Svalbard, Norway and Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula, in August 2014 and January 2015, respectively.Sampling
The nucleic acid content of the samples was preserved using the LifeGuard Soil Preservation Solution (MO BIO Laboratories, Carlsbad, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions and stored at −80°C.Method steps
- Total nucleic acids were extracted from the samples (all in triplicates, except NA that was only one sample) using the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide protocol according to Rippin, Komsic-Buchmann and Becker (2016) with several modifications: The LifeGuard Soil Preservation Solution was not removed prior to the extraction and the aqueous phase, retained after the second chloroform washing step, was further processed using the peqGOLD Plant RNA Kit (peqlab/VWR International, Erlangen, Germany) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- To obtain DNA, the extract was treated with RNase A (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) as suggested in the manual and purified using the illustra MicroSpin S-400 HR Columns (GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK). RNA-based metabarcoding was only performed for the samples NÅ and JC as the sampling sites are most comparable in terms of climate (seaside, similar precipitation patterns etc.). RNA was purified by DNA removal using DNase I (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) according to the manufacturer's protocol. cDNA synthesis was performed using the Revert Aid H Minus First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
- The extraction of DNA from all cultivated algae except K. crenulatum was carried out using the DNeasy Plant Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) following the manufacturer's protocol. The harvested filaments of K. crenulatum were processed using a modified version of the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide protocol described by Rippin, Komsic-Buchmann and Becker (2016). After the second chloroform washing step, the upper phase was collected. The DNA was precipitated with isopropanol at −20°C for at least 1 h. After a washing step with 75% ethanol, the DNA was eluted in RNase-free water.
- Amplicons were generated for all triplicates (for NA three technical replicates were produced) using the Kapa HiFi HotStart DNA Polymerase (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). To analyze the eukaryotic diversity, we targeted the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) V4 region with the universal eukaryotic primers TAReuk454FWD1 (5′-CCAGCASCYGCGGTAATTCC-3′) and TAReukREV3 (5′-ACTTTCGTTCTTGATYRA-3′) designed by Stoeck et al. (Stoeck et al. 2010) (Amplicon size ≈ 380 bp). Similarly, the prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene V2-V3 region was amplified using the universal primers 104F (5′-GGCGVACGGGTGMGTAA-3′) and 515R (5′-TTACCGCGGCKGCTGGCAC-3′) taken from Lange et al. (Lange et al. 2015) (Amplicon size ≈ 400 bp). The eukaryotic amplicons of the BSC samples were amplified employing the following protocol: an initial denaturation step at 95°C for 3 min and 25 3-step cycles at 98°C for 20 s, at 49°C for 15 s and 72°C for 35 s were followed by a final elongation at 72°C for 1 min. The prokaryotic target was amplified in a similar way; however, the 25 cycles included 20 s at 98°C, 10 s at 65°C and 15 s at 72°C. Each template was amplified three times (NA was amplified nine times) with each primer pair and these triplicates were pooled in an equimolar manner to minimize PCR bias. For the MC, the templates, obtained from the cultivated algae, the bryophyte Physcomitrella patens and the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha (both supplied by O. Artz, AG Höcker, Botanical Institute, University of Cologne), were only targeted with eukaryotic primers and the PCR protocol consisted of 30 cycles of 20 s at 98°C, 15 s at 51.8°C and 35 s at 72°C. All PCR products were purified using the Agencourt® AMPure® XP system (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's protocol.
Taxonomic Coverages
Bacteria were targeted by sequencing the 16S ssu rRNA gene (v2-v3 region)
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Bacteriacommon name: Bacteria rank: domain
Eukaryotes were targeted by sequencing the 18S ssu rRNA gene (v4 region)
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Eukaryotacommon name: Eukaryotes rank: domain
Geographic Coverages
Biological crusts were sampled in Antarctica at the Spanish Juan Carlos I Antarctic Base, and on Svalbard at Breinosa Gruve 7, Endalen, Ny-Alesund and Todalen
Bibliographic Citations
- Rippin, M., Lange, S., Sausen, N., & Becker, B. (2018). Biodiversity of biological soil crusts from the Polar Regions revealed by metabarcoding. FEMS microbiology ecology, 94(4), fiy036. - https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiy036
- Williams, L., Borchhardt, N., Colesie, C., Baum, C., Komsic-Buchmann, K., Rippin, M., ... & Büdel, B. (2017). Biological soil crusts of Arctic Svalbard and of Livingston Island, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 40(2), 399-411. -
Contacts
Martin Rippinoriginator
University of Cologne
Cologne
DE
Sebastian Lange
originator
University of Cologne
Cologne
DE
Nicole Sausen
originator
University of Cologne
Cologne
DE
Burkhard Becker
originator
University of Cologne
Cologne
DE
Maxime Sweetlove
metadata author
position: Research assistent
Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences
Rue Vautier 29
Brussels
BE
email: msweetlove@naturalsciences.be
Martin Rippin
administrative point of contact
University of Cologne
Cologne
DE
Burkhard Becker
administrative point of contact
University of Cologne
Cologne
DE