Yamaneta Miller & Lin
- Dataset
- Further study of two Chinese cave spiders (Araneae, Mysmenidae), with description of a new genus
- Rank
- GENUS
- Published in
- Feng, Chengcheng, Miller, Jeremy A., Lin, Yucheng, Shu, Yunfei (2019): Further study of two Chinese cave spiders (Araneae, Mysmenidae), with description of a new genus. ZooKeys 870: 77-100, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.870.35971, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.870.35971
Classification
- kingdom
- Animalia
- phylum
- Arthropoda
- order
- Araneae
- family
- Mysmenidae
- genus
- Yamaneta
description
Description. Relatively large mysmenids (> 2 mm). Femoral spots on legs I and II in female, leg I only in male. Legs with macrosetae on the femora, tibiae, and metatarsi, especially in the anterior legs. Male clasping spurs arise from distal part of tibia I and basal third of metatarsus I. Leg formula IV-I-II-III. Carapace subovate, ocular area slightly raised. Eight eyes in two rows. AME black and with dark base, others reflective. ALE and PLE contiguous. ARE procurved, PRE straight (Fig. 4). Clypeus moderately high, inclined from anterior lip to eye region. Cervical groove and thoracic fovea indistinct. Thoracic region flat, smooth, nearly hairless except for the eye region and midline. Chelicerae strong, deeper color than carapace. Endites nearly rectangular. Labium rectangular, fused to sternum. Sternum heart-shaped, flat, hirsute, posterior corner sharp (Figs 4 B, E, 7 B, E). Abdomen globular dorsally, ovate laterally, mottled light to medium gray or tan, sparsely covered with black setae. Spinnerets distinctly sclerotized, the anteriors larger than the posteriors; colulus small, with two tiny setae; anal tubercle pale yellow (Figs 4, 7). Male palpal patella and tibia elongate, palpal tibia with at least one trichobothrium. Hook-like apophysis on prolateral face of cymbium (Miller et al. 2009: fig. 55 C). Cymbium folded distally, forming functional conductor. Tegular conductor absent. Embolus long and filiform arising from proximal part of palpal bulb. Epigyne with setose scape extending nearly to the tracheal spiracle (Figs 4 E, F, 7 E, F). Scape with notched lateral margins (Figs 6 D, 9 D), profile distinctly curved at dorsum (Figs 6 B, 9 B). Spermathecae globular, copulatory ducts arise from mesal part of spermathecae, loop near base of scape, terminate in paired openings near middle of scape (Figs 6 C, D, 9 C, D). Fertilization ducts arise from copulatory ducts rather than spermathecae (Figs 6 D, 9 D). Male epiandrous fusules with clustered arrangement (Miller et al. 2009: fig. 56 D). PLS with modified spatulate seta (Miller et al. 2009: fig. 57 D, F; Lopardo and Hormiga 2015: fig. 11 G, H).
diagnosis
Diagnosis. Distinguished from other mysmenid genera except Maymena by the presence of a modified spatulate seta on the PLS (Miller et al. 2009: fig. 57 D, F; Lopardo and Hormiga 2015: fig. 11 G, H), the proximal position of the male metatarsus I clasping spur (more proximal in Maymena than Yamaneta; Miller et al. 2009: fig. 53 A; Lopardo and Hormiga 2015: fig. 16 G), the shape of the apical part of the cymbium, which appears to form a functional conductor (Miller et al. 2009: fig. 55 A; Lopardo and Hormiga 2015: fig. 10 D, G) that interacts with the embolus. The presence of trichobothria on the male palpal tibia is a rare character in Mysmenidae, occurring in such genera as Maymena, Yamaneta, Trogloneta, Mysmenopsis Simon 1898 and Isela Griswold, 1985. Distinguished from Maymena by the elongate male palpal tibia and patella, long and setose epigynal scape, by the absence of a modified seta with a long row of branches near the major ampullate gland spigot on the anterior lateral spinnerets (Miller et al. 2009: fig. 57 B), and by the clustered arrangement of male epiandrous fusules (Miller et al. 2009: fig. 56 D; dispersed in Maymena: Lopardo and Hormiga 2015: figs 12 B, 16 A). The type species Maymena mayana (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1938) has been described as having a small rounded scape (Gertsch 1960), although this is a glabrous structure (setose in Yamaneta), and M. mayana is coded as absent for a scape in phylogenetic data matrices (Lopardo et al. 2011, Lopardo and Hormiga 2015: character 60). There are also similarities in the female reproductive path shared between M. mayana and Yamaneta, such as the fertilization ducts arising from the copulatory ducts rather than the spermathecae (Lopardo and Hormiga 2015: fig. 128 B); internal female reproductive structures and spinneret spigot morphology have been documented for only a few Maymena species.
distribution
Distribution. Gaoligong Mountains, Yunnan, China.
etymology
Etymology. Formed from Yama, the figure in Chinese mythology who oversees the realm of the dead, and - neta (- νήτης), an element in several spider names conventionally taken to mean ' spinner' (Cameron 2005). The gender is masculine.
Name
- Homonyms
- Yamaneta Miller & Lin