hauterivian_echinoids_of_the_paris_basin

Study Extent

Specimens were both collected in the field and consulted in public collections of Université de Rennes 1 (Rennes, France), Université de Bourgogne (Dijon, France), and Muséum national d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris, France)

Sampling

Specimens were both collected in the field and consulted in public collections of Université de Rennes 1 (Rennes, France), Université de Bourgogne (Dijon, France), and Muséum national d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris, France). Identification of specimens was performed at species level based on descriptions by G Cotteau (1857—1878; 1862—1867), A Valette (1908), G Corroy (1925), P Rat et al. (1987), and T Saucède et al. (2012). Taxonomy was updated when it proved necessary following Kier (1962), Durham et al. (1966), Smith (1984), and Kroh and Smith (2010). Though paraphyletic, some family names have been used for convenience (Nucleolitidae Agassiz & Desor, 1847; Toxasteridae Lambert, 1920). The accuracy and geographic coordinates of localities where collection specimens came from was checked based on geological grounds (BRGM sources). Dubious localities were discarded.

Quality Control

The accuracy and geographic coordinates of localities where collection specimens came from was checked based on geological grounds (BRGM sources). Dubious localities were discarded.

Method steps

1. The Calcaires à Spatangues Formation consists of shallow marine sediments that were deposited in the southeast of the Paris Basin (France) during the early Hauterivian (Acanthodiscus radiatus zone). These deposits are rich and diversified in a benthic fauna among which echinoids predominate. The systematic status of echinoids of the Calcaires à Spatangues Fm. was revised so as to update the list of echinoid species reported in the Formation and better assess its remarkable diversity. Of the 54 echinoid species ever described, 26 species are recognized that belong to 16 different families, among which regular (13 species) and irregular (13 species) echinoids are represented in equal proportion.

Fossil regular and irregular echinoids (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) of the Calcaires à Spatangues Formation represented by 26 species, 22 genera, 14 families, and 9 orders. Orders: Arbacioida Gregory, 1900; Cassiduloida L. Agassiz & Desor, 1847; Cidaroida Claus, 1880; Holasteroida Durham & Melville, 1957; Holectypoida Duncan, 1889; Pedinoida Mortensen, 1939; Phymosomatoida Mortensen, 1904; Salenioida Delage & Herouard, 1903; Spatangoida L. Agassiz, 1840. Families: Cidaridae Gray, 1825; Hemicidaridae Wright, 1857; Emiratiidae Ali, 1990; Stomechinidae Pomel, 1883; Acropeltidae Lambert & Thiéry, 1914; Arbaciidae Gray, 1855; Saleniidae L. Agassiz, 1838; Pedinidae Pomel, 1883; Holectypidae Lambert, 1899; Conulidae Lambert, 1911; Clypeidae Lambert, 1898; Pygaulidae Lambert, 1905; Nucleolitidae Agassiz & Desor, 1847; Toxasteridae Lambert, 1920. Genera: Goniopygus Agassiz, 1838; Codiopsis Agassiz, 1840; Disaster Agassiz, 1836; Pseudocidaris Etallon, 1859; Pygurus Agassiz, 1839; Clypeopygus d’Orbigny, 1856; Nucleolites Lamarck, 1801; Phyllobrissus Cotteau, 1859; Pygorhynchus Agassiz, 1839; Plagiochasma Pomel, 1883; Plegiocidaris Pomel, 1883; Salvaster Saucède, Dudicourt & Courville, 2012; Pseudholaster Pomel, 1883; Globator Agassiz, 1840; Coenholectypus Pomel, 1883; Pygolampas Saucède, Dudicourt & Courville, 2012; Hemipedina Wright, 1855; Loriolia Neumayr, 1881; Tetragramma Agassiz, 1840; Stomechinus Desor, 1856; Hyposalenia Desor, 1856; Toxaster Agassiz, 1840. Species: Plegiocidaris salviensis (Cotteau, 1851); Plegiocidaris lardyi (Desor, 1855); Plegiocidaris friburgensis (de Loriol, 1873); Plegiocidaris muricata (Roemer, 1836); Pseudocidaris clunifera (Agassiz, 1836); Loriolia rotularis (Agassiz, 1836); Loriolia bourgueti (Agassiz, 1840); Tetragramma autissiodorensis (Cotteau, 1851); Stomechinus fallax (Agassiz, 1840); Goniopygus peltatus (Agassiz, 1836); Codiopsis lorini Cotteau, 1851; Hyposalenia stellulata (Agassiz, 1838); Hemipedina minima (Cotteau, 1851); Coenholectypus macropygus (Agassiz, 1836); Globator incisa (Agassiz, in Desor 1842); Pygurus montmollini (Agassiz, 1836); Plagiochasma olfersii (Agassiz, 1836); Pygorhynchus obovatus (Agassiz, 1836); Nucleolites salviensis Cotteau, 1851; Phyllobrissus gresslyi (Agassiz, 1839); Clypeopygus paultrei (Cotteau, 1851); Pygolampas edita Saucède, Dudicourt & Courville 2012; Disaster subelongatus (d’Orbigny, 1853); Salvaster roberti Saucède, Dudicourt & Courville 2012; Pseudholaster intermedius (Goldfuss, 1829); Toxaster retusus (Lamarck, 1816).

1. Echinoidea
   common name: sea-urchins rank: class

The sampling area focuses on the Calcaires à Spatangues Formation that crops out in the southeast of the Paris Basin (France). The study area extends over the six following French departments: Cher, Nièvre, Yonne, Aube, Haute-Marne, and Meuse.