Prosimulium hirtipes (Fries 1824)

HIRTIPES species-group

Prosimulium approximatum Peterson

Rothfels & Freeman (1977, characterization; drawings of CIII region, IIIS, and IIIL; idiogram; inversions mapped; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; as P. mysticum): Canada, USA

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram; as P. mysticum): North America

Prosimulium arvum Adler & Kim

Rothfels & Freeman (1977, characterization; drawings of CII and CIII regions and base of IIIL; idiogram; inversions mapped; photo of CII region; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; as P. approximatum): Canada, USA

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram; as P. approximatum): North America

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, idiogram, notes on geographic variation): North America

Prosimulium clandestinum Adler, Currie & Wood

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, chromosomal characters in larval key, idiogram, original description of species, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard, whole-arm transposition): USA

Prosimulium daviesi Peterson & DeFoliart

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram; as P. doveri from Utah and Colorado): USA

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, chromosomal characters in larval key, geographic variation, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): USA

Prosimulium doveri Sommerman

Basrur (1962, characterization; cytodendrogram; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of CI region, IS, and IIIL; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; as P. ‘E’): Canada

Grinchuk (1967, idiogram, polytene chromosome relative lengths; as P. h i r t i pe s ‘E’): USA

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram; as P. doveri British Columbia segregate only plus P. ‘n. sp.’): Canada

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, chromosomal characters in larval key): North America

Prosimulium esselbaughi Sommerman

Basrur (1962, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; as P. hirtipes ‘2’): Canada, USA

Grinchuk (1967, idiogram, polytene chromosome relative lengths; as P. h i r t i pe s ‘2’): USA

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): North America

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, notes on possible sibling species): USA

Prosimulium fontanum Syme & Davies

Rothfels (1956, drawing of IIIS; as P. ‘16’): North America

Basrur (1958, 1959, characterization; cytodendrogram; drawings of CI region, IS, IIS, and partial IIIL; idiogram; inversions mapped; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Canada

Basrur (1962, IIIL sequence): North America

Rothfels & Freeman (1977, idiogram, inversions in CI region mapped, notes on relation to ‘ P. m i xt um group’): North America

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): North America

Adler & Kim (1986, chromosomal characters in larval key, idiogram): USA

Prosimulium formosum Shewell

Basrur (1962, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Canada

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): North America

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, notes on revised inversion breakpoints): North America

Prosimulium frohnei Sommerman

Basrur (1962, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): USA

Carlsson (1966, characterization; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of IL, IIS, and IIIS, and IIL polymorphisms): Canada, USA

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): North America

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, notes on geographic variation): USA

Prosimulum frontatum Terteryan

Chubareva (1977a, notes on general polytene features): Armenia

Chubareva (1977d, idiogram, notes on general polytene features): Armenia

Chubareva (1978b, description, idiogram): Armenia

Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features): Armenia

Chubareva, Petrova & Kachvoryan (1996, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements): Armenia

Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva (2003, notes on general polytene features): Armenia

Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements): Armenia

Adler & Şirin (2014, characterization; chromosomal phylogeny; inversions mapped; photos of IS, IL, and IIS; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Armenia

Prosimulium fulvithorax Shewell

Basrur (1962, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; as P. ‘species 1’): Canada

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): North America

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, sex-chromosome polymorphisms): USA

Prosimulium fulvum (Coquillett)

Basrur (1962, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, photo of partial IIIL, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): USA

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram, possible sibling species): Canada, USA

Prosimulium fuscum Syme & Davies

Rothfels (1956, characterization, drawing of IIIS, idiogram, photo of partial IIIL; as P. hirtipes ‘1’): [Canada]

Basrur (1958, 1959, cytodendrogram, photo of IIIL): North America

Basrur (1962, photo of IIIL): North America

Rothfels & Freeman (1977, characterization; drawings of CIII region and IIIL; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of IIS, IIIS, polymorphisms, and hybrid complement with P. m i x t u m; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; sex-chromosome evolution): Canada, USA

Rothfels (1979, cytodendrogram): North America

Rothfels (1980, de novo intrachanges and interchanges): North America

Rothfels (1981b, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, polymorphisms): North America

Adler & Kim (1986, chromosomal characters in larval key, idiogram, photo of IIIS): USA

Coscarón (1989, idiogram): [North America]

Coscarón-Arias (1998, idiogram): [North America]

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key): North America

Prosimulium hirtipes (Fries)

Basrur (1958, 1959, characterization; cytodendrogram; drawings of polymorphisms; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of CI region, IS, IIS, IIL, and partial IIIL; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Britain (England, Scotland)

Rothfels & Basrur (1960, chromosomal recognition of multiple species): Europe

Grinchuk (1967, characterization; comparison with selected North American members of P. h i r t i pe s group; idiogram; photos of all chromosomes, metaphase and low-magnification polytene complements, and polymorphisms): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (1969, comparison with H. ferrugineus, idiogram, low-magnification photo of polytene complement, partial photos of chromosomes I and III): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (1975, comparison with Austrosimulium tillyardianum [as A. tillyardi], idiogram, polytene chromosome lengths): [Russia]

Chubareva (1977a, description, idiogram, photos of metaphase and low-resolution polytene complements): Russia

Chubareva (1977b, idiogram): Russia

Chubareva (1977d, 1978b, idiogram, notes on general polytene features): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, 2004, notes on general polytene features): Russia

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): Britain (England, Scotland)

Chubareva & Petrova (2000b, note on general polytene features): Russia

Chubareva (2001b, photos of metaphase and polytene complements): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia

Adler & Şirin (2014, chromosomal phylogeny): Europe

Prosimulium idemai Adler, Currie & Wood

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization and partial resolution relative to Prosimulium standard, original description of species): USA

Prosimulium isos Rubtsov

Chubareva (2001b, parthenogenesis; photos of metaphase and low-magnification polytene complements; triploidy): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features): Russia

Petrova & Chubareva (2006, notes on general polytene features; photos of metaphase and polytene complements; triploidy): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description; photos of metaphase and polytene complements; triploidy): Russia

Prosimulium kiotoense Shiraki

Okada (1985, description, idiogram, low-magnification photos of polytene complement and interpretive drawings, polytene chromosome relative lengths): Japan

Prosimulium latimucro (Enderlein)

Basrur (1958, 1959, characterization; cytodendrogram; drawings of IIS, IIL, and polymorphisms; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of CI region and partial IL; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; as P. inflatum and P. inflatum ‘aff. 1’): Britain (Scotland), France

Ralcheva & Dryanovska (1973, idiogram, polytene chromosome lengths; as P. conistylum): Bulgaria

Ralcheva (1974, characterization, photos of polymorphisms and all arms; as P. conistylum): Bulgaria

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): Europe

Adler & Belqat (2001, characterization; inversions mapped; photos of CI region, IIS, and IIL; probable distinct species; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Morocco

Adler & Şirin (2014, chromosomal phylogeny): Europe and Morocco

Prosimulium luganicum Rubtsov

Chubareva (1977a, notes on general polytene features): Russia

Chubareva (1977d, 1978b, idiogram, notes on general polytene features): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, 2004, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia

Chubareva (1984, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements): Russia

Chubareva, Petrova & Kachvoryan (1996, description, low-magnification photo of polytene complement): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (1999, notes on general polytene features, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia. NOTE: The polytene chromosomes in fig. 18 of Chubareva & Petrova (2008a) appear to be those of P. hirtipes.

Prosimulium minifulvum Adler, Currie & Wood

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, chromosomal characters in larval key, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): USA

Prosimulium mixtum Syme & Davies

Rothfels (1956, characterization; drawing of IIIS; idiogram; photos of partial II and IIIL; as P. hirtipes ‘2’): North America

Basrur (1958, 1959, cytodendrogram, photos of all arms): North America

Basrur (1962, photos of all arms): North America

Ottonen (1964, drawing of IIIS Y 1 sequence): North America

Rothfels & Freeman (1966, photo of CIII): [North America]

Rothfels & Freeman (1977, characterization; drawings of CI, CII, and CIII regions, IIIS, and IIIL; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of CI, CII, and CIII regions, IIS, partial IIIL, and hybrid complement with P. fuscum; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; sex chromosomes): Canada, USA

Rothfels (1979, cytodendrogram): North America

Rothfels (1980, de novo interarm intrachange): North America

Rothfels (1981b, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram): North America

Rothfels & Freeman (1983, comparison with P. transbrachium, photos of CI region and partial chromosome II): USA

Adler & Kim (1986, chromosomal characters in larval key, idiogram, photo of IIIS): USA

Coscarón (1989, idiogram): [North America]

Coscarón-Arias (1998, idiogram): [North America]

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key): North America

Pinto-Sánchez, Miranda-Esquivel & Muñoz de Hoyos (2005, idiogram): [North America]

Sharp & Hunter (2008, chiasmate meiosis in mermithid-infected male larvae; as P. fuscum / mixtum): Canada

Prosimulium petrosum Rubtsov

Ralcheva & Dryanovska (1973, idiogram, polytene chromosome lengths): Bulgaria

Ralcheva (1974, characterization, photos of all arms): Bulgaria

Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Bulgaria

Prosimulium rachiliense Djafarov

Chubareva (1977a, notes on general polytene features; as P. pronevitshe [sic]): Armenia

Chubareva (1977d, 1978b, idiogram, notes on general polytene features; as P. pronevitshe [sic]): Armenia

Chubareva & Petrova (1979, notes on general polytene features; as P. pronevitshe [sic]): Armenia

Chubareva, Petrova & Kachvoryan (1996, description, photo of polytene complement; as P. pronevitshae [sic]): Armenia

Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features; as P. pronevitschae): Armenia

Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva (2003, notes on general polytene features; as P. pronevitshae [sic]): Armenia

Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photo of polytene complement; as P. pronevitshae [sic]): Armenia

Adler & Şirin (2014, characterization; chromosomal phylogeny; inversions mapped; new cytoforms recognized [‘A’ and ‘B’]; notes on phylogenetic relationships; photos of IS, partial IL, partial IIIS, and IIIL; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Armenia, Turkey

Prosimulium rhizophorum Stone & Jamnback

Rothfels & Freeman (1977, characterization; drawings of CIII region and IIIS; idiogram; inversions mapped; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): USA

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): USA

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, idiogram): USA

Prosimulium rufipes (Meigen) (complex)

Basrur (1958, 1959, characterization; cytodendrogram; partial drawings of IS, IL, and IIL; idiogram; inversions mapped; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; as P. inflatum ‘aff. 2’): France

Ralcheva & Dryanovska (1973, idiogram, polytene chromosome lengths): Bulgaria

Ralcheva (1974, characterization; photos of all arms; sex chromosomes): Bulgaria

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): Europe

Adler & Belqat (2001, characterization; inversions mapped; photos of CI region, IIS, and IIIL; probable new species; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Morocco

Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Bulgaria

Adler & Şirin (2014, characterization, chromosomal phylogeny, selected inversion mapped, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Germany, Switzerland

Prosimulium rusticum Adler, Currie & Wood

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): USA

Prosimulium saltus Stone & Jamnback

Rothfels & Freeman (1977, characterization; drawings of CIII, IIIS, and base of IIIL; idiogram; inversions mapped; photo of CII; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): USA

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): USA

Prosimulium secretum Adler, Currie & Wood

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, original description of species, possible sibling species, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): USA

Prosimulium shewelli Peterson & DeFoliart

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram; as P. woodorum): Canada

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, geographic variation or possible sibling species, partial resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Canada, USA

Prosimulium tomosvaryi (Enderlein)

Basrur (1958, 1959, characterization; cytodendrogram, drawings of polymorphisms and partial IIIS; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of CII region and partial IIL; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; as P. hirtipes arvernense and P. vigintiquaterni): Czech Republic, France

Ralcheva & Dryanovska (1973, idiogram, polytene chromosome lengths; as P. nigripes): Bulgaria

Ralcheva (1974, characterization; photos of polymorphisms and all arms; sex chromosomes; as P. nigripes): Bulgaria

Post (1979, characterization; cytodendrogram; inversions mapped; male chiasmate meiosis; photos of male meiosis, mitotic metaphase, and all polytene arms; possible sibling species): Britain (England)

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram; as P. vigintiquaterni): Europe

Adler & Belqat (2001, characterization; inversions mapped; photos of IL partial, IIS, IIL, and IIIL; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Morocco

Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Bulgaria

Adler & Şirin (2014, characterization; chromosomal phylogeny; inversions mapped; notes on phylogenetic relationships photos of IS, IL, IIS, IIL, and IIIS; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Armenia, Germany, Turkey

Prosimulium transbrachium Adler & Kim

Rothfels in Adler (1983, comparison with P. m i x t um, whole-arm interchange; as P. ‘sp. X’): USA

Rothfels & Freeman (1983, characterization, evolution of species, photos of whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS], resolution relative to Prosimulium standard; as undescribed species): USA

Adler & Kim (1985, characterization, formal name for Adler’s 1983 P. sp. ‘X’, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard, whole-arm interchange): USA

Adler & Kim (1986, chromosomal characters in larval key, idiogram): USA

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, idiogram): USA

Prosimulium travisi Stone

Basrur (1962, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, photos of IS and IIIL, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): USA

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram): North America

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, possible sibling species): USA

Prosimulium inflatum ‘aff. 3’ Basrur

Kunze (1953, low-magnification photos of polytene complement and partial chromosome I, notes on general polytene features; as Simulium ‘sp. 3’): Austria

Basrur (1958, 1959, characterization; cytodendrogram; drawings of polymorphisms and IIS; idiogram; inversions mapped; resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Austria

Rothfels (1979, 1981b, cytodendrogram; as P. ‘n. sp.’): Europe

Adler & Şirin (2014, chromosomal phylogeny): Europe

Prosimulium ‘new species’ Adler & Şirin

Adler & Şirin (2014, characterization, chromosomal phylogeny, inversions mapped, notes on phylogenetic relationships, resolution relative to Prosimulium standard): Turkey