Pasteurella Trevisan, 1887
- Dataset
- English Wikipedia - Species Pages
- Rank
- GENUS
Classification
- genus
- Pasteurella
Abstract
Pasteurella is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria. Pasteurella species are nonmotile and pleomorphic, and often exhibit bipolar staining ("safety pin" appearance). Most species are catalase- and oxidase-positive.Health Protection Agency (2007). Identification of Pasteurella species and morphologically similar bacteria (.pdf) . National Standard Method BSOP ID 13 Issue 2.1. The genus is named after the French chemist and microbiologist, Louis Pasteur, who first identified the bacteria now known as Pasteurella multocida as the agent of chicken cholera.
Pathogenesis
Many Pasteurella species are zoonotic pathogens, and humans can acquire an infection from domestic animal bites. In cattle, sheep, and birds, Pasteurella species can cause a life-threatening pneumonia; in cats and dogs, however, Pasteurella is not a cause of disease, and constitutes part of the normal flora of the nose and mouth. Pasteurella haemolytica is a species that infects mainly cattle and horses: P. multocida is the most frequent causative agent in human Pasteurella infection. Common symptoms of pasteurellosis in humans include swelling, cellulitis, and bloody drainage at the site of the wound. Infection may progress to nearby joints, where it can cause further swelling, arthritis, and abscesses. Pasteurella spp. are generally susceptible to chloramphenicol, the penicillins, tetracycline, and the macrolides. The common occurrence of the bacteria is a reason to be medically proactive and defensive (antibacterial treatments are often necessary) if a bite occurs. Several vaccine preparations were used to prevent Pasteurella infection. New regimens for vaccination and vaccine formulation showed to be promising for the control of the pathogen.
In animals P. multocida is also known to cause morbidity and mortality in rabbits. The predominant syndrome is upper respiratory disease. P. multocida can be endemic among rabbit colonies and is often transmitted through nasal secretions. P. multocida can survive several days in water or moist areas. Pasturella can be transmitted through the bite of a dog. Pasteurella has also been reported in Red Kangaroos Okoh, A.E.J. (1980). An outbreak of pasteurellosis in Kano Zoo. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 16: 3–5. and in potoroos Wells, M.Y. and Montali, R.J. (1985). Pasteurellosis in southern potoroos. Journal of Zoo Animal Medicine 16: 21–25.
Antibiotic sensitivity
P. multocida is highly sensitive to enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline, chloramphinicol, and ampicillin.
In animals P. multocida is also known to cause morbidity and mortality in rabbits. The predominant syndrome is upper respiratory disease. P. multocida can be endemic among rabbit colonies and is often transmitted through nasal secretions. P. multocida can survive several days in water or moist areas. Pasturella can be transmitted through the bite of a dog. Pasteurella has also been reported in Red Kangaroos Okoh, A.E.J. (1980). An outbreak of pasteurellosis in Kano Zoo. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 16: 3–5. and in potoroos Wells, M.Y. and Montali, R.J. (1985). Pasteurellosis in southern potoroos. Journal of Zoo Animal Medicine 16: 21–25.
Antibiotic sensitivity
P. multocida is highly sensitive to enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline, chloramphinicol, and ampicillin.
Name
- Homonyms
- Pasteurella Trevisan, 1887
- Pasteurella