Clathrina primordialis (Haeckel 1872) * Adriatic Sea
- Dataset
- Adriatic calcarean sponges (Porifera, Calcarea), with the description of six new species and a richness analysis
- Rank
- SPECIES
Classification
- kingdom
- Animalia
- phylum
- Porifera
- class
- Calcarea
- order
- Clathrinida
- family
- Clathrinidae
- genus
- Clathrina
- species
- Clathrina primordialis
biology_ecology
Ecology The specimen was collected on a shaded, vertical hard limestone bottom.
description
Description Cormus is formed by large and loosely anastomosed tubes. Water-collecting tubes are absent (Fig. 7 A). The skeleton is composed of one category of triactines (Fig. 7 B). The size of the spicules is very variable and it is therefore not possible to categorize them. Spicules (Table 7) TRIACTINES. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate). Actines are conical to slightly conical with sharp tips (Fig. 7 C). Their size is very variable. Size: 121.5 / 12.2 µm.
description
Fig. 7; Table 7
discussion
Remarks Haeckel (1872) assigned the name Ascetta primordialis to a group of different species, and even genera, whose skeleton comprised only triactines, but, unfortunately, did not select a holotype. In 2003, Klautau & Valentine revised the genus Clathrina and analysed two specimens of C. primordialis, one from the Adriatic Sea (PMJ 154) and another one from Naples (ZMB 1306). Both specimens clearly represented different species and the authors suggested the specimen ZMB 1306 was the true C. primordialis, because C. primordialis (originally Prosycum primordiale Haeckel, 1870) was first described from Naples. However, analysing the present specimen and re-analysing the slides of the specimens PMJ 154 and ZMB 1306 and the catalogue from the ZMB, we now have a different opinion. On the specimen’s label and in the catalogue of the ZMB it is not noted that ZMB 1306 is a syntype of C. primordialis. Consequently, Klautau & Valentine (2003) should not have designated the specimen ZMB 1306 as a lectotype of C. primordialis. On the other hand, the label of the specimen PMJ 154 mentions it is a syntype of C. primordialis. Therefore, in our opinion, the specimen PMJ 154 is more reliably a true representative of this species and should be considered the lectotype of C. primordialis. Considering the morphology of PMJ 154, the specimen IRB-CLB 3 = UFRJPOR 6863 represents C. primordialis, as well as the specimen PMR 14305, recently published as C. cf. hondurensis Klautau & Valentine, 2003 (Imešek et al. 2014). The similarities between C. primordialis and C. hondurensis made us ponder on the possibility of synonymy between these two species. However, as we could not obtain DNA sequences of C. hondurensis from the type locality (Honduras) to verify this, we prefer to keep C. hondurensis as a valid species restricted to the Caribbean Sea, until further analyses are done. Subclass Calcaronea Bidder, 1898 Genus Leucandra Haeckel, 1872
materials_examined
Material examined Syntype ADRIATIC SEA: Lesina (Croatian: Island of Hvar), E. Haeckel collection (PMJ-Inv. Nr. Porif. 154, in ethanol). Other material ADRIATIC SEA: near the Island of Čiovo, Croatia, 43 ° 28 ' 58.5 " N, 16 ° 21 ' 25.6 " E; 5 m, collected by B. Pleše and V. Nikolić, 5 Nov. 2010 (IRB-CLB 3 = UFRJPOR 6863). Colour White in life and in ethanol.