Waarnemingen.be / observations.be - List of species observed in Belgium
Citation
Swinnen K, Bronne L, Herremans M, Gielen K, Adriaens T, Baartmans T, Baert D, Baltus H, Barendse R, Boeraeve M, Boers K, Bogaert J, Bosteels Y, Bouillard N, Claerebout S, De Knijf G, De Beer D, De Smedt P, De Cock R, De Grave D, De Ketelaere A, De Witte J, Deblauwe I, Decrick L, Dekeukeleire D, Deraedt H, Devalez J, D'Haeseleer J, Driessens G, Drukker D, Eysermans D, Fagot J, Hendrickx R, Jooris R, Langeraert W, Lavreys E, Lock K, Logghe G, Maes K, Mayon N, Moonen E, Mortelmans J, Muls D, Opdekamp W, Peeters K, Pieters R, Pollet M, Ravoet J, Rhebergen F, Schneider A, Schoonvaere K, Segers S, Septor R, Soors J, Speybroeck J, Steeman C, Steeman R, Thomaes A, Uitterhaegen B, van Doorn L, van der Schoot P, Van den Neucker T, van den Berg E, Van Sanden P, Van De Poel S, Van Steenwinkel C, Vanormelingen P, Vantieghem P, Veraghtert W, Verbelen D, Verbeylen G, Verhaeghe F, Verheyde F, Vermeiren H, Vertommen W, Zeegers T, Lambrechts J, Vanreusel W, Paquet J, Desmet P (2024). Waarnemingen.be / observations.be - List of species observed in Belgium. Version 1.2. Natuurpunt. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/a7wkuh accessed via GBIF.org on 2024-12-12.Description
Waarnemingen.be / observations.be - List of species observed in Belgium is a species checklist dataset published by Natuurpunt and Natagora. Waarnemingen.be (in Dutch, managed by Natuurpunt) and observation.be (in French, managed by Natagora) are the two local Belgian subsites of the global observation.org website. The checklist comprises 20,412 species observed in Belgium. Here, it is published as a standardized Darwin Core Archive and includes for each species: the scientific name, higher classification and stable taxon identifier (in the taxon core), its status (native, introduced) and first and last observation date per region (Flanders, Brussels Capital Region, Wallonia) in Belgium (in the distribution extension).
Only observations which were approved by species specialists based on provided evidence (photograph or sound), or which were approved based on expert judgment by the validating experts were considered for publication (see Swinnen et al. 2022 for the validation procedure). Observers’ data-sharing settings were respected at all times. When the first or last observation from a species in a region was not to be shared, observers were contacted to request an exception for this species list. In the few cases this authorization was not acquired, the next (for the oldest record) or previous (for the most recent record) observation date was considered for publication.
This species list does not represent a complete overview of Belgian biodiversity, only species that are recorded in the citizen science platforms waarnemingen.be and observation.be. Other datasets and checklists have to be considered for the compilation of a complete Belgian overview.
We have released this dataset under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0). We would appreciate it, however, if you read and follow these norms for data use (http://www.natuurpunt.be/normen-voor-datagebruik). If you use these data for a scientific paper, please cite the dataset following the applicable citation norms and/or consider us for co-authorship. We are always prepared to provide more information or knowledge on how to use the data, so please contact us via the contact information provided in the metadata or natuurdata@natuurpunt.be.
Sampling Description
Study Extent
This checklist is based on species recorded in the citizen science platforms waarnemingen.be and observations.be. Both platforms were launched in 2008 and although older records are also included, the majority of the records are recent. Search effort for different species groups is highly variable, resulting in an underestimation of the species diversity in a number of less sampled species groups, particularly those whose species are difficult to recognise. A spatial bias is also present, favoring species rich habitats and areas, but with an underrepresentation of species poor agricultural and urban areas. Furthermore, the final result is highly dependent on the expertise of the 160 expert volunteer validators. In case of the absence of a species specialist to evaluate observations, these observations were not validated and hence not included in the species list. In case the active observer is also the only species group expert validator, observations remained unvalidated and were not added to the species list since the evaluation of your own observations is not allowed.Sampling
Waarnemingen.be/observations.be is a citizen science platform allowing to register all species occurring in the wild, mainly focussing on plants, animals and fungi. It is mainly used as a notebook by naturalists to register and document their sightings and the majority of the observations are presence only records (Swinnen et al. 2022). A smaller proportion of the data (c. 10%) is part of a complete species list or transect count.Quality Control
See step description.Method steps
- Species list and distribution extension was created in pgAdmin. This list was checked by species specialists which removed species which were previously approved, but currently under investigation and not yet changed in the portal. This resulted in a final species list and distribution extension.
- Create a taxon core file (https://rs.gbif.org/core/dwc_taxon_2022-02-02.xml).
- Create a distribution extension file (https://rs.gbif.org/extension/gbif/1.0/distribution_2022-02-02.xml).
- The resulting Darwin Core data files are uploaded to the INBO IPT and documented with metadata.
- The dataset is published and registered with GBIF.
Taxonomic Coverages
-
Animaliarank: kingdom
-
Fungirank: kingdom
-
Plantaerank: kingdom
-
Chromistarank: kingdom
-
Bacteriarank: kingdom
-
Protozoarank: kingdom
Geographic Coverages
Bibliographic Citations
- Desmet P, Reyserhove L, Oldoni D, Groom Q, Adriaens T, Vanderhoeven S, Pagad S (2021). Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species - Belgium. Version 1.12. Invasive Species Specialist Group ISSG. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/xoidmd -
- Groom Q, Vanderhoeven S, Eggermont H, Coupremanne M, Adriaens T, Desmet P, Reyserhove L, Oldoni D, Strubbe D, Davis A, Lens L, Monty A, Mahy G, Jacquemart A-L, Verleye T, Van Hoey G, Van De Kerckhove R, Backeljau T, Dispas M, Sciensano, Vilain A, De Troch R, Van Schaeybroeck B, Termonia P (2022). TrIAS: Tracking Invasive Alien Species: Building a data driven framework to inform policy. Final Report. Brussels, Belgium. Belgian Science Policy Office (Belspo). http://www.belspo.be/belspo/brain-be/projects/FinalReports/TrIAS_FinRep.pdf -
- Swinnen K, Jacobs A, Claus K, Ruyts S, Vercayie D, Lambrechts J, Herremans M (2022). ‘Animals under wheels’: Wildlife roadkill data collection by citizen scientists as a part of their nature recording activities. Nature Conservation 47: 121-153 https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.47.72970 -
- Swinnen K, Vercayie D, Vanreusel W, Barendse R, Boers K, Bogaert J, Dekeukeleire D, Driessens G, Dupriez P, Jooris R, Steeman R, Van Asten K, Van Den Neucker T, Van Dorsselaer P, Van Vooren P, Wysmantel N, Gielen K, Desmet P, Herremans M, all working groups, species validators and recorders Waarnemingen.be (2018) Waarnemingen.be – Non-native plant and animal occurrences in Flanders and the Brussels Capital Region, Belgium. BioInvasions Records 7(3): 335–342. https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2018.7.3.17 -
- Vanderhoeven S, Adriaens T, Desmet P, Strubbe D, Backeljau T, Barbier Y, Brosens D, Cigar J, Coupremanne M, De Troch R, Eggermont H, Heughebaert A, Hostens K, Huybrechts P, Jacquemart A, Lens L, Monty A, Paquet J, Prévot C, Robertson T, Termonia P, Van De Kerchove R, Van Hoey G, Van Schaeybroeck B, Vercayie D, Verleye T, Welby S, Groom Q (2017) Tracking Invasive Alien Species (TrIAS): Building a data-driven framework to inform policy. Research Ideas and Outcomes 3: e13414. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e13414 -
Contacts
Kristijn Swinnenoriginator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: kristijn.swinnen@natuurpunt.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-9247
Louis Bronne
originator
Natagora
BE
email: louis.bronne@natagora.be
Marc Herremans
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: marc.herremans@natuurpunt.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9719-8732
Karin Gielen
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: karin.gielen@natuurpunt.be
Tim Adriaens
originator
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: tim.adriaens@inbo.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7268-4200
Thomas Baartmans
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: thomas.baartmans@groenhuysen.nl
Dirk Baert
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: dirk.baert99@telenet.be
Hubert Baltus
originator
Natagora
BE
email: hubert.baltus@natagora.be
Rutger Barendse
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: rutger.barendse@telenet.be
Margaux Boeraeve
originator
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
SE
email: margaux.boeraeve@gmail.com
Kris Boers
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: kris.boers@natuurpunt.be
Jo Bogaert
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: johan.a.bogaert@gmail.com
Yolan Bosteels
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: yolan@beeldstorm.be
Nils Bouillard
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: nils.bouillard@gmail.com
Stéphane Claerebout
originator
Natagora
BE
email: stephane.claerebout@cercles-naturalistes.be
Geert De Knijf
originator
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: geert.deknijf@inbo.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7958-1420
Dirk De Beer
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: dirk.debeer@telenet.be
Pallieter De Smedt
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: pallieterdesmedt@hotmail.com
Raphaël De Cock
originator
Glimwormenwerkgroep Natuurpunt
BE
email: rdecock@hotmail.com
David De Grave
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: daviddegrave@hotmail.com
Augustijn De Ketelaere
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: augustijn.de.ketelaere@gmail.com
Juul De Witte
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: juul.dewitte@natuurpunt.be
Isra Deblauwe
originator
Entomology unit Institute of Tropical Medicine
BE
email: ideblauwe@itg.be
Lieven Decrick
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: lievendecrick@gmail.com
Daan Dekeukeleire
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: daan.dekeukeleire@gmail.com
Henry Deraedt
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: henry.deraedt@live.be
Jelle Devalez
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: jelle.devalez@gmail.com
Jens D'Haeseleer
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: jens.dhaeseleer@natuurpunt.be
Gerald Driessens
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: gerald.driessens@natuurpunt.be
Daan Drukker
originator
EIS-Kenniscentrum Insecten
NL
email: daan.drukker@naturalis.nl
Dirk Eysermans
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: diederik.eysermans@telenet.be
Jean Fagot
originator
ULiège
BE
email: jean.fagot@gmail.com
Rens Hendrickx
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: saske.rens@gmail.com
Robert Jooris
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
Ward Langeraert
originator
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: ward.langeraert@inbo.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5900-8109
Eddie Lavreys
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: eddie.lavreys@gmail.com
Koen Lock
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: koen_lock@hotmail.com
Garben Logghe
originator
Ghent University
BE
email: garbenlogghe@hotmail.com
Koen Maes
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: maeskoen@gmail.com
Nicolas Mayon
originator
Natagora
BE
email: mayon.nico@gmail.com
Erik Moonen
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: spoone@telenet.be
Jonas Mortelmans
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: jonasmortelmans@gmail.com
David Muls
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: david.muls@outlook.com
Wout Opdekamp
originator
Natagora
BE
email: wout.opdekamp@gmail.com
Kris Peeters
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: kkjm.peeters@gmail.com
Robert Pieters
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: robert.pieters2@telenet.be
Marc Pollet
originator
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: mpollet.doli@gmail.com
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5198-5928
Jorgen Ravoet
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: jorgen.ravoet@gmail.com
Flor Rhebergen
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: florrhebergen@gmail.com
Anna Schneider
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: schneider@live.be
Karel Schoonvaere
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: karel.schoonvaere@gmail.com
Stijn Segers
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: segers.stijn@gmail.com
Robin Septor
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: robin.septor@gmail.com
Jan Soors
originator
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: jan.soors@inbo.be
Jeroen Speybroeck
originator
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: jeroen.speybroeck@inbo.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7241-7804
Chris Steeman
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: christiaan.steeman@telenet.be
Roosmarijn Steeman
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: roosmarijn.steeman@natuurpunt.be
Arno Thomaes
originator
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: arno.thomaes@inbo.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-5976
Bart Uitterhaegen
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: validator.galwespen@gmail.com
Loïc van Doorn
originator
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: loic.vandoorn@inbo.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3497-9168
Peter van der Schoot
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: petervanderschoot@telenet.be
Tom Van den Neucker
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: medionidus@gmail.com
Edwin van den Berg
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: bergvandenedwin@gmail.com
Paul Van Sanden
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: paul.vansanden@gmail.com
Sam Van De Poel
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: sam.vandepoel@natuurpunt.be
Carina Van Steenwinkel
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: carin.vansteenwinkel@gmail.com
Pieter Vanormelingen
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: pieter.vanormelingen@natuurpunt.be
Pieter Vantieghem
originator
Ghent University
BE
email: ptr.vantieghem@gmail.com
Wim Veraghtert
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
Dominique Verbelen
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: d.verbelen@telenet.be
Goedele Verbeylen
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: goedele.verbeylen@natuurpunt.be
Floris Verhaeghe
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: plattekaas@hotmail.com
Fons Verheyde
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: fonsverheyde@gmail.com
Hans Vermeiren
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: hans_vermeiren@hotmail.com
Win Vertommen
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: winfried.vertommen@natuurpunt.be
Theo Zeegers
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: th.zeegers@yahoo.com
Jorg Lambrechts
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: jorg.lambrechts@natuurpunt.be
Wouter Vanreusel
originator
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: wouter.vanreusel@natuurpunt.be
Jean-Yves Paquet
originator
Natagora
BE
email: jean-yves.paquet@aves.be
Peter Desmet
originator
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: peter.desmet@inbo.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8442-8025
Kristijn Swinnen
metadata author
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: kristijn.swinnen@natuurpunt.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-9247
Peter Desmet
metadata author
Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)
BE
email: peter.desmet@inbo.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8442-8025
Kristijn Swinnen
administrative point of contact
Natuurpunt Studie
BE
email: kristijn.swinnen@natuurpunt.be
userId: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-9247