Ariadna tarsalis Banks 1902
- Dataset
- The taxonomy of the American Ariadna Audouin (Araneae: Synspermiata: Segestriidae)
- Rank
- SPECIES
Classification
- kingdom
- Animalia
- phylum
- Arthropoda
- class
- Arachnida
- order
- Araneae
- family
- Segestriidae
- genus
- Ariadna
- species
- Ariadna tarsalis
description
Description. Male (Playa Ibbetson, Pinta Island — RBINS). Carapace and chelicerae brownish orange (Fig. 32 A). Endites orange; labium dark orange. Sternum orange, with darker margins (Fig. 32 B). Palps yellow (Fig. 33 A ‒ B). Legs yellow, with pairs I ‒ II darker (Fig. 32 C ‒ E). Abdomen light grey, darker dorsally (Fig. 32 A ‒ B). Total length 8.08; carapace 3.96 long, 2.56 wide. Chelicerae projected (Fig. 32 A). Palps: tibia incrassated, with dorso-ventral diameter slightly shorter than the bulb; rounded bulb, mid-portion slightly shorter than the embolus; embolus tubular, curved and tapered (Fig. 33 A ‒ B). Legs: robust and coated with setae (Fig. 32 C ‒ E); tibia I with the distal ventro-retrolateral macroseta lanceolated and sinuous (Fig. 32 D); tarsal brush of putative chemosensory setae present in legs I ‒ IV, but reduced in pair I and IV. Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 3.92, patella 1.44, tibia 3.24, metatarsus 3.12, tarsus 0.92, total 12.64; II, 3.72, 1.32, 3.12, 3.2, 0.88, 12.24; III, 2.68, 1.12, 2.04, 2.16, 0.72, 8.72; IV, 3.12, 1.44, 2.64, 2.48, 0.8, 10.48. Macrosetae: I, femur D 0 - 0 - 0 - 2 / 1 - 0 - 2 - 0, P 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 2 / 1 - 1 - 0; tibia D 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 0, P 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, vp 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 / 0 - 0 - 0, vr 2 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 (lanceolated), R 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0; metatarsus P 0 - 0 - 1 (truncated / apophysis) - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0, vp 1 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 (truncated), vr 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1, R 1 (digitiform / apophysis) - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 (Fig. 6 A ‒ B, 32 C ‒ E); II, femur D 0 - 0 / 1 - 1 - 1 / 2 - 0 - 2 - 0, P 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 1 - 0; tibia D 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 / 0 - 0, P 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, vp 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 / 0 - 0 - 1 / 0, vr 2 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1, R 1 - 0 - 1 - 1 - 1 / 0 - 1 - 0; metatarsus P 0 - 1 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0, vp 1 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 0 - 1, vr 1 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 0 - 1, R 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 0; IV, femur D 2 / 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 0 / 1 - 1 - 0 / 1 - 1 - 0 - 0; tibia vp 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1, vr 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1; metatarsus P 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 / 0 - 0 - 0 - 1, vp 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 0 - 1, vr metatarsal comb with 2 macrosetae. Female (N-flank, Santiago Island — RBINS). Carapace brownish orange; chelicerae dark brownish orange (Fig. 32 F ‒ G). Endites orange; labium dark orange. Sternum orange, with darker margins, and three pairs of fainted dark marginal areas (Fig. 32 G). Palps orange, gradually darkening to distal direction (Fig. 32 F ‒ G). Legs orange, with pairs I ‒ II darker; metatarsi and tarsi of legs I ‒ II reddish brown (Fig. 32 H ‒ I). Abdomen as in male (Fig. 32 F ‒ G). Total length 9.52; carapace 4.44 long, 2.88 wide. Carapace with cephalic region elevated. Chelicerae not projected (Fig. 32 F). Legs: robust and coated with setae; legs I ‒ II with ventro-prolateral and ventro-retrolateral tibial and metatarsal macrosetae of different sizes (Fig. 32 H ‒ I). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 3.04, patella 1.4, tibia 2.36, metatarsus 2.08, tarsus 0.6, total 9.48; II, 2.8, 1.4, 2.36, 2.0, 0.68, 9.24; III, 2.28, 1.2, 1.6, 1.56, 0.6, 7.24; IV, 2.8, 1.48, 2.44, 1.84, 0.64, 9.2. Macrosetae: I, femur D 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 2 - 0, P 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 / 2 - 1 - 0; tibia P 1 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0, vp 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, vr 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, R 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 / 0 - 0 (Fig. 32 H ‒ I); metatarsus vp 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, vr 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1; II, femur D 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 0, P 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 0; tibia P 0 - 1 / 0 - 0 - 0 / 1 - 0 - 0 - 0, vp 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1, vr 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, R 0 - 1 / 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0; metatarsus vp 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1, vr 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 / 0 - 1 - 1 - 1; IV, metatarsus vp 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1, vr metatarsal comb with 3 macrosetae. Internal genitalia: anterior receptaculum with the dorsal lobe shorter than the ventral lobe, and glandular ducts plate in the median region of the receptaculum, not expanded (Fig. 33 C ‒ D). Variation. Male (n = 10): Total length 5.04 ‒ 8.08; carapace 2.48 ‒ 3.96 long, 1.84 ‒ 2.64 wide; femur I 2.36 ‒ 4.0. Macrosetae: I, tibia D 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 0, P 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, vp 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0, vr 1 / 2 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 (lanceolated), R 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0; II, tibia D 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1 - 0, P 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, vp 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 1, vr 2 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1, R 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0. Female (n = 10): Total length 7.4 - 12.8; carapace 3.45 - 5.12 long, 2.25 - 3.44 wide; femur I 2.7 ‒ 4.24. Macrosetae: I, tibia P 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, vp 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, vr 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, R 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0; II, tibia P 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, vp 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, vr 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0, R 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0.
description
Figures 6, 32 ‒ 33, 69
diagnosis
Diagnosis. Ariadna tarsalis is similar to A. obscura, A. arthuri, A. multispinosa, A. reginae n. sp. and A. aurea n. sp. due to the morphology of the male metatarsi I (Figs 6 A ‒ D, 16 C ‒ E, 32 C ‒ E, 38 C ‒ E, 54 C ‒ E, 56 C ‒ E) and macrosetae pattern of the tibia I ‒ II of females, but differ by the presence of males with metatarsi I with two apophyses on the proximal region, bearing thick macrosetae and a ventro-prolateral truncated macroseta on the distal region (Fig. 6 A ‒ D, 32 C ‒ E); females differ, except from A. multispinosa, by the presence of the anterior receptaculum with very sinuous lobes, and extremities in opposite direction; it differs from A. multispinosa by presenting more elongated lobes (Fig. 33 C ‒ D).
diagnosis
Synonymy. Beatty (1970) distinguished A. murphyi from A. tarsalis and A. peruviana based on the macrosetae of the metatarsal comb found in legs IV. This character has a low value in species diagnosis due to its variation, even in the legs of the same specimen. After the examination of type specimens of A. tarsalis, A. peruviana and A. murphyi, it was found that the last ones could be considered junior-synonyms of A. tarsalis. Despite of the variation on the legs I ‒ II macrosetae pattern present in the three species, we could not find differences in the morphology of the male and female genitalia. In 1970, Beatty describes Ariadna peruviana from Lima, Peru, but in the appendix on the end of the study, he synonymizes this species with A. tarsalis, based in specimens posteriorly received from Galapagos Islands. He considered them similar of those found in Lima. In this revision, this hypothesis is corroborated.
distribution
Distribution. Ecuador (Galapagos Islands and Azuay) and west of Peru (Fig. 69).
materials_examined
Additional material examined: ECUADOR: GALAPAGOS ISLANDS: Darwin Island: [01 ° 40 ' 01 " N; 91 ° 59 ' 56 " W], 1 ♂ 14 ♀ 5 imm., 29. I. 1964, D. Q. Cavagnaro leg. (CAS 9039512; 9039520); Pinta Island: S. Coast [00 ° 36 ' S; 90 ° 39 ' W], 6 ♀ 5 imm., 25. V. 1964, D. Q. Cavagnaro leg. (CAS 903 9504); Playa Ibbetson [00 ° 36 ' S; 90 ° 39 ' W], 40 m, open Bursera forest, 1 ♂, 13 ‒ 33. III. 1992, S. Peck leg. (RBINS); 710 ft. Asl., 1 ♀ 1 imm., 8. II. 1982, Y. D. Lubin leg. (MCZ 46069); Santiago Island: NW Slope [00 ° 15 ' S; 90 ° 42 ' W], 600 m, 1 ♀ 1 imm., 30. V. 1964, D. Q. Cavagnaro leg. (CAS 9039531); N-flank, 200 m, 2 ♀, 4. III. 1986, L. Baert et al. leg. (RBINS); 1 imm., VIII. 1924, P. H. Johnson leg. (NHM 1926. I. 24.24); Isabela Island: Punta Albermale [00 ° 30 ' S; 91 ° 04 ' W], SW of old US radar site, ± 10 m, 1 ♀, 28. III. 1970, R. Silberglied leg. (MCZ 46066); San Cristobal Island: vic. " El Junco " (crater lake) [00 ° 48 ' S; 89 ° 24 ' W], alt. ± 700 m, 1 ♂, 15 ‒ 16. IV. 1970, R. Silberglied leg. (MCZ 46149); Santa Fé Island: South Coast [00 ° 49 ' 12 " S; 90 ° 03 ' 36 " W], 1 ♀, 30. I. 1983, Y. D. Lubin leg. (MCZ 46068); ECUADOR CONTINENTAL: Azuay Province: Cuenca [02 ° 53 ' 57 '' S; 79 ° 00 ' 55 '' W], Lago Zurucuchu, 11 mi. W of Cuenca, 1 ♀, 16. XI. 1955, E. I. Schlinger & E. S. Ross leg. (AMNH); Cuenca [02 ° 53 ' 57 '' S; 79 ° 00 ' 55 '' W], 1 ♀ 1 imm., D. L. & H. E. Frizzel. leg. (CAS 9039534); PERU: Piura Department: Negritos [04 ° 39 ' 14 " S; 81 ° 18 ' 16 " W], 1 ♂ 1 ♀, III. 1941, H. E. Frizzel leg. (CAS 9039505); 6 ♀ 4 imm., 18. XI. 1939 (CAS 9039509); 6 ♀ 21 imm., 12. X. 1941 (CAS 9039539); 1 ♀, XI. 1939 (CAS 9039543); 5 ♀ 3 imm., 7. XI. 1939, D. L. & H. E. Frizzel leg. (CAS 9039530); 1 ♂, VIII. 1939 (CAS 9039547); 1 ♀, 5. I. 1942, B. Vivas leg. (CAS 9039553); Pariñas Valley, 15 km NE of Negritos, 1 ♀, 16. X. 1938, D. L. & H. E. Frizzel leg. (CAS 9039551); Ancash Department: Huarmey [10 ° 04 ' 07 " S; 78 ° 09 ' 37 " W], Huacho, 1 ♀ 1 imm., 23. I. 1984, G. Mayo leg. (MUSM 0504968); Lima Department: Mazorca Island (11 ° 23 ' 10 '' S; 77 ° 44 ' 26 '' W), 2 ♂ 4 imm., II. 1978, D. Duffey leg. (AMNH); Matucana [11 ° 50 ' 41 " S; 76 ° 23 ' 10 " W], 2389 m, 1 ♀, 30. IX. 1952, F. Blancas leg. (MUSM 0504969); Lima [12 ° 02 ' 06 " S; 77 ° 01 ' 07 " W], Interior MUSM ‒ Entomologia, 1 ♂, 7. X. 2009, D. Silva-Dávila leg. (MUSM 0504972); Lima [12 ° 02 ' 06 " S; 77 ° 01 ' 07 " W], Interior do Museo, 31 ♀ 2 imm., IX. 1948, Blancas leg. (MUSM 0504980); Lima, Barbones [12 ° 03 ' 16 " S; 77 ° 00 ' 35 " W], 1 ♂ 8 ♀ 2 imm., 22. IV. 1948, F. Blancas leg. (MUSM 0504979); Lima, Chorrillos [12 ° 10 ' S; 77 ° 02 ' W], 20 ♀ 2 imm., 12. X. 1954, F. Blancas leg. (MUSM 0504981); Lima [12 ° 02 ' 06 " S; 77 ° 01 ' 07 " W], 1 ♀, VI. 1967, C. del Cicuillo & Dr. Meneses leg. (IBSP 3012); 3 ♂ 1 ♀, 1939, Weyrauch leg. (CAS 9039516); same locality, 1 imm., 9. I. 1955, E. I. Schlinger & E. S. Ross leg. (A. peruviana, paratype, not included in Beatty (1970), AMNH); same locality, 1 imm., 10. I. 1965, unknown collector (MACN-Ar 21362); Lunahuana, 423 m (12 ° 59 ' 09.2 " S; 76 ° 09 ' 29.2 " W), 2 ♂ 5 ♀ 1 imm., 18. VI. 2012, A. D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 166777); Carretera Canta km 36 [11 ° 28 ' S; 76 ° 37 ' W], 1 ♀, I. 1968, Q. Meneses leg. (IBSP 3013); Ica Department: Pisco, South Chincha Island [13 ° 38 ' 76 " S; 76 ° 24 ' 00 " W], 2 ♀ 4 imm., 23. II. 1935 (AMNH); Ica [14 ° 04 ' S; 75 ° 44 ' W], Casallai Pisco, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MUSM 0504974).
Name
- Homonyms
- Ariadna tarsalis Banks 1902