Taraxacum parnassicum Dahlst., Acta Horti Berg. 9: 29. 1926.
- Dataset
- Taxonomy and distribution of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) in Poland
- Rank
- SPECIES
Classification
- kingdom
- Plantae
- phylum
- Tracheophyta
- class
- Magnoliopsida
- order
- Asterales
- family
- Asteraceae
- genus
- Taraxacum
- species
- Taraxacum parnassicum
description
Description. Plants small, up to 5 - 10 cm tall. Leaves pure green, almost glabrous, approximately 3 - 5 (- 8) cm long and 1 - 2 cm wide, usually 3 - 4 (- 5) times longer than wide, blades oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, usually broadest in upper 1 / 3, with 4 - 5 (- 7) pairs of lateral lobes; lateral lobes mostly opposite (to remote); lateral lobes of the inner leaves triangular, slightly recurved, with a somewhat convex, entire or barely toothed distal margin, proximal margin usually entire; lateral lobes of the outer leaves triangular, crowded, entire or with a few teeth at the distal margin; interlobes often narrow, with a solitary tooth; terminal lobe of the inner leaves tripartite, with a short subacute tip, entire on the margins; terminal lobe of the outer leaves triangular; petio-les unwinged, purple. Scapes as long as or shorter than leaves, somewhat hairy, especially under the involucres. Capitulum flat or convex, dense, 2.0 - 2.5 cm in diameter, light yellow, outer strips purple; inner bracts green, pruinose, corniculate; outer bracts usually 9 - 12, ovate to wide lanceolate, usually 5 - 6 mm long, 1.5 - 2.5 mm broad, greyish-green, suffused purple, with a white hyaline margin (0.1 - 0.2 mm broad), erect at the base, recurved at apex, somewhat corniculate; stigmas dark, greyish-green, pollen absent or very poorly developed (up to a few grains on the stigma). Achenes brown-red, with relatively short spinules in the upper part, (3 -) 3.5 - 4.1 (- 4.3) mm long (incl. the 0.7 - 1.1 mm long, cylindrical or slightly conical cone), rostrum 5 - 8.5 mm long, pappus white.
distribution
Distribution in Poland. Scattered localities in southern and western Poland, frequent only in the western part of Lesser Poland (Fig. 23 B).
distribution
General distribution. Widespread European species reported in France, Ireland, Great Britain, Corsica, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Austria, Germany, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Croatia, Greece and Macedonia. In Sweden, this plant is a naturalised alien (Rohlena 1942; Van Soest 1967; Doll 1973 b; Tacik 1980; Gamisans 1985; Dostal 1989; Mosyakin and Fedoronchuk 1999; Uhlemann 2003; Conti et al. 2005; Travnicek et al. 2010; Dimopoulos et al. 2013; Wendt and Ollgaard 2015).
materials_examined
Specimens examined. AD 73 - Zasieki distr. Lubsko, roadside, 28 July 1972, E. Koziol (32319 WRSL); AD 96 - Ilowa Zaganska distr. Zary, sandy roadside, 10 June 1971, E. Koziol (34605 WRSL); AE 37 - Nowogrodziec distr. Boleslawiec, railway embankment close to cement plant, 18 May 1972, E. Koziol (WRSL 32322); Nowogrodziec distr. Boleslawiec, slope of railway embankment E of city, 18 May 1972, E. Koziol (34556 WRSL); AE 49 - Lwowek Śl., sunny hill W of city, 3 May 1972 E. Koziol (32323 WRSL); Lwowek Ślaski, sunny hill, opposite school, 1 km W of city, 30 April 1972, E. Koziol (35454 WRSL); BC 52 - Stare Bielice, sandy roadside of asphalt road, 52 ° 50 ' 57 " N, 15 ° 55 ' 04 " E, 18 April 2016, M. Wolanin (003322 UR); BD 43 - Keblowo, cemetery lawn, 52 ° 03 ' 04 " N, 16 ° 06 ' 41 " E, 19 April 2016, M. Wolanin (003517 UR); BD 52 - Sterlicz near Slawa Śl., sandy roadside, 10 June 1976, E. Koziol (WRSL); BD 87 - Bojanowo, green square, 10 June 1893, C. Scholz (WRSL); BE 16 - Grodek. Distr. Wolow, sandy hillock, 26 April 1972, E. Koziol (211472 KRAM); BE 17 - Grodek near Strupina, sandy hillock, 3 May 1972, E. Koziol (32321 WRSL); BE 26 - Grotki distr. Wolow, hillock on eastern edge of village, 15 May 1965, Z. Glowacki (31773 WRSL); BE 33 - Legnica, tournament place, 24 May 1895, Callier (WRSL); BE 74 - Świebodzice, 12 May 1955, (...) (281375 KRAM); CE 91 - Grodkow, gravel pit, 3 May 1972, E. Koziol (0388441, 0388442 KRA); DE 78 - Maluszyn, dry roadside, 27 April 2010, M. Bielecki (0396279 KRA); DE 84 - Kusieta, grassland on rock, 50 ° 46 ' 06 " N, 19 ° 16 ' 16 " E, 13 April 2014, M. Wolanin (003347 UR); Olsztyn, Gora Zamkowa, grassland on rock outcrop (NW slope), 50 ° 44 ' 55 " N, 19 ° 16 ' 30 " E, 13 April 2014, M. Wolanin (003297 UR); Olsztyn, grassland on rock, 50 ° 44 ' 55 " N, 19 ° 16 ' 36 " E, 12 April 2016, M. Wolanin (003487 UR); DE 85 - between Olsztyn and Przymilowice, grassland on rock (SW exposure), 50 ° 45 ' 10 " N, 19 ° 17 ' 05 " E, 13 April 2014, M. Wolanin (003348 UR); DF 06 - Kroczyce, path on calcareous rocks, 50 ° 34 ' 20 " N, 19 ° 31 ' 49 " E, 12 April 2016, M. Wolanin (003502 UR); Kroczyce, path on SW slope, 50 ° 34 ' 20 " N, 19 ° 31 ' 48 " E, 1 May 2013, M. Wolanin (003277 UR); Mirow, grassland on rocks overgrown by shrubs, 50 ° 36 ' 53 " N, 19 ° 28 ' 51 " E, 1 May 2021, M. Wolanin (003597 UR); DF 27 - Zelazko, grassland on rock, SW slope, 50 ° 25 ' 14 " N, 19 ° 34 ' 25 " E, 12 April 2014, M. Wolanin (003349 UR); DF 48 - Gotkowice, xerothermic grassland, SW slope, 50 ° 13 ' 39 " N, 19 ° 43 ' 31 " E, 30 April 2013, M. Wolanin (003379 UR); Jerzmanowice, fissures on top of rock, 50 ° 12 ' 36 " N, 19 ° 45 ' 19 " E, 30 April 2013, M. Wolanin (003387 UR); Saspow near Ojcow, fissure in rock, near school, 50 ° 13 ' 21 " N, 19 ° 46 ' 17 " E, 21 April 2015, M. Wolanin (003310 UR); between Ojcow and Grodzisko, calcareous rocks, 26 May 1929, B. Pawlowski (117613 KRA); between Ojcow and Grodzisko, grassy slope, 26 May 1929, B. Pawlowski (189646 KRAM); Ojcow, 27 July 1929, K. Piech (169652 KRAM); DF 58 - Beblo, grassland at the base of rock on SW slope, 50 ° 10 ' 51 " N, 19 ° 47 ' 18 " E, 30 April 2013, M. Wolanin (003406 UR); Duze Skalki, rocky paths, fissures in rocks, 50 ° 11 ' 20 " N, 19 ° 48 ' 23 " E, 30 April 2013, M. Wolanin (003414 UR); Sloneczne Skaly, rock crumbs, SW rock side, 50 ° 12 ' 09 " N, 19 ° 45 ' 51 " E, 30 April 2013, M. Wolanin (003258 UR); Bolechowice, rocks in Bolechowice Ravine, 6 May 1948, H. Blaszczyk (113891 KRA); Bolechowice, path, 21 May 1975, T. Tacik (392462 KRAM); Bolechowice Valley, 6 May 1948, Pogan (0238571 KRA); DF 68 - Nielepice, grassland on S slope of calcareous rock, 50 ° 06 ' 13 " N, 19 ° 43 ' 07 " E, 12 April 2014, M. Wolanin (003271 UR); Bielany near Krakow, 24 April 1954, Turnau (0155143 KRA); between Kryspinow and Bielany, limestone hillock, 16 May 1976, H., T. & J. Tacik (387574 KRAM); Skala Kmity, fissure in rock, 24 April 1991, A. Woszczenko (403319 KRAM); DF 69 - Las Wolski near Krakow, 24 April 1954, Gromczakiewicz (0155142 KRA); DF 76 - Grochowiec near Ryczow, 22 May 1926, A. Kozlowska (242483 KRAM); DG 14 - Grojec near Zywiec, grassland, 9 June 2000, K. Nowak (562018 KRAM); EE 72 - Miedzianka Hill near Checiny, grassland on SE rock slope, 50 ° 50 ' 47 " N, 20 ° 21 ' 37 " E, 11 April 2016, M. Wolanin (003511 UR); EE 82 - Grzaby Bolminskie, field road, 50 ° 48 ' 46 " N, 20 ° 21 ' 44 " E, 22 April 2016, M. Wolanin (003321, 003388 UR); EE 83 - Sosnowka Hill, fissures in calcareous rocks, 50 ° 48 ' 32 " N, 20 ° 25 ' 54 " E, 18 April 2012, M. Wolanin (003405 UR); EG 23 - Lacko, dry grassland close to Dunajec River, 3 May 1970, K. Towpasz (80794 KRA); EG 24 - Czerszlowe Skalki (Pieniny Mts.), grassland on SW rock slope, 49 ° 32 ' 54 " N, 20 ° 32 ' 34 " E, 10 April 2014, M. Wolanin (003368 UR); EG 32 - " Pod Kira " (Pieniny National Park), rock near road from Czorsztyn to Sromowce, 49 ° 25 ' 04 " N, 20 ° 20 ' 36 " E, 9 April 2014, M. Wolanin (003367 UR); Wzar Hill (Gorce Mts.), grassland on rock, E side, 22 April 1966, H. Trzcinska-Tacik (092621 KRAM); Wzar, rocks, 22 April 1966, A. Zielinska (063790 KRA); EG 34 - Jaworki, grassland on SE rock slope, 49 ° 24 ' 19 " N, 20 ° 32 ' 37 " E, 10 April 2014, M. Wolanin (003284 UR); FG 55 - Lupkow, dry slope at altitude of 610 m asl, 2 May 1961, A. Jasiewicz (018948, 437761 KRAM).
materials_examined
Type. Greece, Parnassos 1921 G. Samuelson - cult. In Hort. Bot. Upsaliensis, 22 May 1924, G. Samuelson (lectotype S, designated by Lundevall and Ollgaard 1999: 125; isolectotypes in S and BM).