Please cite as
GBIF.org (11 November 2021) GBIF Occurrence Download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.pvjepj
Volver a ejecutar la consulta
- Licencia
-
- Archivo
- 2 MB Listas de especies
- Conjuntos de datos implicados
- {{ 301 | localNumber}}
- Aquí debe colocarse una breve descripción del componente
- {{ 154 | localNumber}}
- Aquí debe colocarse una breve descripción del componente
- {{ 24 | localNumber}}
-
Geometría POLYGON ((146.5 -43.55, 146.05 -43.55, 145.9 -43.4, 146 -43.3, 145.8 -43.3, 145.35 -42.8, 145.25 -42, 144.9 -41.75, 145 -41.4, 145.4 -41.3, 145.45 -41.5, 145.9 -41.55, 146.1 -41.95, 146.35 -41.75, 146.8 -41.75, 146.8 -42, 147 -42.15, 147.2 -42, 147.15 -42.25, 147.4 -42.25, 147.4 -42.4, 147.7 -42.2, 147.9 -42.25, 147.85 -41.9, 148.3 -41.6, 148.3 -42.1, 148 -42.25, 147.85 -42.8, 148 -42.9, 148 -43.25, 147.7 -43.2, 147.6 -43, 147.85 -43.05, 147.8 -42.9, 147.5 -42.8, 147.55 -43, 147.4 -43.05, 147.35 -42.9, 147.25 -43.1, 147.4 -43.35, 147.3 -43.5, 147.1 -43.45, 147.1 -43.25, 146.9 -43.65, 146.5 -43.55))
-
Incluye coordenada true
-
Año Tras el comienzo de
-
Presenta un problema geoespacial false
Y
Todos deben aplicar
Para repetir la descarga con los datos de hoy utilizando las API, puede usar la siguiente solicitud.
Leer más
{
"type": "and",
"predicates": [
{
"type": "within",
"geometry": "POLYGON ((146.5 -43.55, 146.05 -43.55, 145.9 -43.4, 146 -43.3, 145.8 -43.3, 145.35 -42.8, 145.25 -42, 144.9 -41.75, 145 -41.4, 145.4 -41.3, 145.45 -41.5, 145.9 -41.55, 146.1 -41.95, 146.35 -41.75, 146.8 -41.75, 146.8 -42, 147 -42.15, 147.2 -42, 147.15 -42.25, 147.4 -42.25, 147.4 -42.4, 147.7 -42.2, 147.9 -42.25, 147.85 -41.9, 148.3 -41.6, 148.3 -42.1, 148 -42.25, 147.85 -42.8, 148 -42.9, 148 -43.25, 147.7 -43.2, 147.6 -43, 147.85 -43.05, 147.8 -42.9, 147.5 -42.8, 147.55 -43, 147.4 -43.05, 147.35 -42.9, 147.25 -43.1, 147.4 -43.35, 147.3 -43.5, 147.1 -43.45, 147.1 -43.25, 146.9 -43.65, 146.5 -43.55))"
},
{
"type": "equals",
"key": "HAS_COORDINATE",
"value": "true",
"matchCase": false
},
{
"type": "greaterThanOrEquals",
"key": "YEAR",
"value": "1960",
"matchCase": false
},
{
"type": "equals",
"key": "HAS_GEOSPATIAL_ISSUE",
"value": "false",
"matchCase": false
}
]
}
Download as TSV
-
341kEOD – eBird Observation Dataset
-
120kBirdLife Australia, Birdata
-
91kTasmanian Museum and Art Gallery provider for OZCAM
-
81kHO AVH data
-
59kBiome of Australia Soil Environments
-
46kFungimap
-
45kInternational Barcode of Life project (iBOL)
-
30kInvestigation of School and Gummy Shark Nursery Areas in South East Tasmania, Australia, 1991-1997
-
19kFirst Bird Atlas
-
16kiNaturalist Research-grade Observations
-
14kAustralian Museum provider for OZCAM
-
14kCANB AVH data
-
13kMEL AVH data
-
12kQueen Victoria Museum Art Gallery provider for OZCAM
-
11kMuseums Victoria provider for OZCAM
-
10kThe Australian Phytoplankton Database (1844 onwards)
-
6kNSW AVH data
-
5kAustralasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) data from the State Herbarium of South Australia (AD)
-
5kCondition of rocky reef communities around Tasmania: algal surveys, Australia (1992-1995 and 2006-2007)
-
4kMarine Molluscs of Tasmania
-
3kConservation Atlas Surveys
-
3kHistorical Bird Atlas
-
2kCondition of rocky reef communities around Tasmania: invertebrate surveys, Australia (1992-1995 and 2006-2007)
-
2kNative Australian millipedes in Tasmania
-
2kQueensland Museum provider for OZCAM
-
2kCondition of rocky reef communities around Tasmania: fish surveys, Australia (1992-1995 and 2006-2007)
-
2kEarth Guardians Weekly Feed
-
1kAustralian National Insect Collection
-
1kAbundance and distribution of coastal, inshore zooplankton in the Huon Estuary and D'Entrecasteaux Channel, Tasmania, Australia (2004-2005)
-
1kAt-sea GPS tracks of little penguins (Eudyptula minor) tagged at three colonies around Storm Bay (Boronia Beach, Wedge Island and Bruny Island Neck), Tasmania, Australia over the 2015/16 summer breeding season.
-
1kReef Life Survey: Global reef fish dataset
-
1kZooplankton sampling in the coastal waters of south eastern Tasmania, Australia (2009-2015)
-
1kIMOS - Animal Tracking Facility - Acoustic Tracking - Quality Controlled Detections (2007 -2017)
-
1kField Museum of Natural History (Botany) Bryophyte Collection
-
1kINSDC Sequences
-
1kTasmanian Museum and Art Gallery provider for OZCAM-Arthropoda
-
1kAustralian National Wildlife Collection provider for OZCAM
-
1kNatural History Museum (London) Collection Specimens
-
1kALA species sightings and OzAtlas
-
1kObservation.org, Nature data from around the World
-
1kReef Life Survey - Survey Records
-
1kA detailed benthic faunal and introduced marine species survey of Port Davey, Bathurst Channel and Bathurst Harbour in SW Tasmania, Australia (2007)
-
955Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University
-
902European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australian Mirror
-
877The New York Botanical Garden Herbarium (NY)
-
846The Retrospective Analysis of Antarctic Tracking (Standardised) Data from the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
-
822frogid_dataset
-
769South Australian Museum Australia provider for OZCAM
-
717A global database for the distributions of crop wild relatives
-
716Phytoplankton sampling in the coastal waters of south eastern Tasmania, Australia (2009-2015)
-
700Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen - International Barcode of Life (iBOL) - Barcode of Life Project Specimen Data
-
583NE AVH data
-
540Spotted Handfish (Brachionichthys hirsutus) - GPS Underwater Visual Census - 2014-2018 repeated population surveys
-
532Australian Antarctic Division Herbarium
-
475Bathing Birds - National Parks Association NSW and Birdlife Australia
-
418CSIRO Ichthyology provider for OZCAM
-
407Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Living Plant Collections (E)
-
402PERTH AVH data
-
399Northern Territory Museum and Art Gallery provider for OZCAM
-
398Reef Life Survey: Cryptic Fish
-
387Bottom Trawl Surveys: Catch and Effort Data For South East Australia, 1898-1996
-
368Banksia Atlas
-
319Xeno-canto - Bird sounds from around the world
-
306University of Minnesota Insect Collection
-
294CAS Entomology (ENT)
-
288University of Tennessee Fungal Herbarium
-
284Seabird Atlas of South-eastern Australian Waters 1975-1993
-
281University of British Columbia Herbarium (UBC) - Bryophytes Collection
-
281melu_avh
-
275Bureau of Rural Sciences, Commercial Fisheries Presence, Australia, 2000-2002
-
240Arizona State University Lichen Herbarium
-
229Allan Herbarium (CHR)
-
228Tropicos Specimen Data
-
198DNA AVH data
-
190AntWeb
-
177CSIRO, Australian National Algae Culture Collection, Global, 1949-2008
-
173Illinois Natural History Survey Insect Collection
-
166Naturalis Biodiversity Center (NL) - Botany
-
155University of Tartu Natural History Museum and Botanical Garden Mycological Collections
-
146Western Australian Museum provider for OZCAM
-
137The distribution and host range of the pandemic disease chytridiomycosis in Australia, spanning surveys from 1956 to 2007.
-
123Duke University Herbarium Bryophyte Collection
-
118UNSW AVH data
-
117Pl@ntNet automatically identified occurrences
-
116Records of the Australian National Botanic Gardens Seedbank
-
112Lichens at Herbarium Berolinense, Berlin (B)
-
103CSIC-Real Jardín Botánico-Colección de Plantas Vasculares (MA)
-
101Happywhale - Humpback Whale in South Pacific Ocean
-
98Lichen herbarium, UiT Tromsø Museum
-
89NMNH Extant Specimen Records
-
73Field Museum of Natural History (Zoology) Insect, Arachnid and Myriapod Collection
-
72Michigan State University Herbarium Lichens
-
72Duke University Herbarium Lichen Collection
-
71Field Museum of Natural History (Botany) Lichen Collection
-
70Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew - Herbarium Specimens
-
66Lund Botanical Museum (LD)
-
65Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Herbarium (E)
-
64Waite Insect and Nematode Collection
-
62CHSC - CSU Chico, Chico State Herbarium - Vascular Plants
-
61University of New Hampshire - Macroalgal Collection
-
59Ornithology Collection Non Passeriformes - Royal Ontario Museum
-
58Database of Marine Larval Fish Assemblages in Australian temperate and subtropical waters 1983 - 2016
-
57Australian Platypus Conservancy
-
56Botany (UPS)
-
55RSA - California Botanic Garden Herbarium
-
54ClimateWatch
-
54PlantBank Records
-
53Entomological Collections (NHRS), Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM)
-
52University of Michigan Herbarium
-
51Gaia Guide
-
51Seabirds of the Southern and South Indian Ocean
-
50Ornithology Collection Passeriformes - Royal Ontario Museum
-
49University of Tennessee Bryophyte Herbarium
-
48Bernice P. Bishop Museum
-
47Collection Crustacea - ZSRO
-
47naturgucker
-
42Duke University, Herbarium Fungal Collection
-
40Herbarium Senckenbergianum (FR)
-
39Marie-Victorin Herbarium (MT) - Plantes vasculaires
-
36C.A. Triplehorn Insect Collection (OSUC), Ohio State University
-
35JCT AVH data
-
35The fishes collection (IC) of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN - Paris)
-
35Lichen herbarium, UiB
-
31Ocean Genome Legacy Collection
-
30DAV - UC Davis Herbarium
-
29The millipede genus Tasmaniosoma Verhoeff, 1936 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidae) from Tasmania, Australia, with descriptions of 18 new species
-
28A new millipede genus and a new species of Asphalidesmus Silvestri, 1910 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidea) from southern Tasmania, Australia
-
28University of British Columbia Herbarium (UBC) - Algae Collection
-
28The cryptogamy collection (PC) at the Herbarium of the Muséum national d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN - Paris)
-
27Revision of the Psilota Meigen, 1822 flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Australia
-
26NIWA Invertebrate Collection
-
26IMOS - AATAMS Facility - Tracking of Short-tailed shearwaters, Southern Ocean, Australia (2010 - 2012)
-
26Planetary Biodiversity Inventory Eumycetozoan Databank
-
25RBINS DaRWIN
-
25Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Mollusc collection
-
24University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium (ALTA-VP)
-
23Bell Museum lichens
-
23The spider family Micropholcommatidae (Arachnida: Araneae: Araneoidea): a relimitation and revision at the generic level
-
23Mosquito Occurrence Dataset
-
22Macaulay Library Audio and Video Collection
-
22E. C. Smith Herbarium (ACAD) - Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History
-
21CNS AVH data
-
21The Ichthyology Collection at the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart
-
21LTB AVH data
-
20DAR AVH data
-
20The Fungal Collection at the Botanische Staatssammlung München
-
19Phanerogamic Botanical Collections (S)
-
19Texas Tech University - Invertebrate Zoology
-
19CONN
-
19CSIC-Real Jardín Botánico-Colección de Musgos (MA-Musci)
-
18ANTARCTIC PLANT DATABASE
-
18Natural History Museum Rotterdam - Specimens
-
17Field Museum of Natural History (Zoology) Mammal Collection
-
16A new handfish, Brachionichthys australis sp. nov. (Lophiiformes: Brachionichthyidae), with a redescription of the critically endangered spotted handfish, B. hirsutus (Lacepede).
-
16MEXU/Colección de Briofitas
-
15The Herpetology Collection at the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart
-
15DMNS Marine Invertebrate Collection (Arctos)
-
14Two new and unusual genera of millipedes (Diplopoda: Polydesmida) from Tasmania, Australia
-
14SMNS Herpetologie
-
13Estonian University of Life Sciences Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Entomological Collection
-
13Riethia (Kieffer 1917) (Diptera: Chironomidae) revised for the Austro-Pacific region
-
13BYU Herpetology Collection
-
13BoBO - Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin Observations
-
13Mycology herbarium, Oslo (O) UiO
-
12International Collection of Microorganisms from Plants (ICMP)
-
12Herbario, Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia & Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid: MAF-Lich
-
12Database of Native Plants in Taiwan
-
12Antarctic, Sub-Antarctic and cold temperate echinoid database
-
12Plume moths - ANIC
-
11Bell Museum bryophytes
-
11INSDC Host Organism Sequences
-
11Tallinn Botanic Garden
-
11The Lichens Collection at the Botanische Staatssammlung München
-
11South Australian Museum Terrestrial Invertebrate Images
-
11University of Jena, Herbarium Haussknecht - Herbarium JE
-
10Ichthyology Collection - Royal Ontario Museum
-
10Echinoids_occurrences_Southern_Ocean
-
10Description, distribution and ecology of endemic Tasmanian quillwort, Isoetes jarmaniae, sp. nov. (Isoetaceae; Lycopodiopsida)
-
10University of Graz, Institute of Plant Sciences - Herbarium GZU
-
9National Whale and Dolphin Sightings and Strandings Database
-
9University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Division of Birds
-
8NMNH_material_samples
-
8New Zealand Arthropod Collection (NZAC)
-
8The Myxomycetes Collections at the Botanische Staatssammlung München - Collection of Hermann Neubert
-
8The Maugean Skate, Zearaja maugeana sp. nov. (Rajiformes: Rajidae) - a micro-endemic, Gondwanan relict from Tasmanian estuaries.
-
8The New Zealand triplefin Grahamina signata (Teleostei; Tripterygiidae): A junior synonym of G.gymnota from Tasmania
-
7University of Tartu Natural History Museum and Botanical Garden Botanical Collections
-
7Institut Botanic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-Ajuntament de Barcelona), BC-Lichen
-
7Biogeographical and ecological insights from Australasian faunas: the megadiverse collembolan genus, Entomobrya (Entomobryidae)
-
7CSIC-Real Jardín Botánico-Colección de Hongos (MA-Fungi)
-
7NHMD Entomology Collection
-
7Field Museum of Natural History (Botany) Pteridophyte Collection
-
7The vascular plants collection (P) at the Herbarium of the Muséum national d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN - Paris)
-
7New species of Eucinetus and Noteucinetus from Australia (Coleoptera: Scirtoidea: Eucinetidae)
-
6University of British Columbia Herbarium (UBC) - Vascular Plant Collection
-
6Austrocnephia, new genus, for five species of ‘ Paracnephia’ (Diptera: Simuliidae), with a key to Australian black fly genera
-
6RV Investigator Voyage IN2016_T02 Seabird Observations, Australia (2016)
-
6The Collection of Lichenicolous Fungi at the Botanische Staatssammlung München
-
6Hermesorchestia alastairi gen. et sp. nov. from Australia (Talitridae: Senticaudata: Amphipoda: Crustacea)
-
6Vulnerable marine ecosystems in the South Pacific Ocean region
-
6UB - Herbário da Universidade de Brasília
-
6Taxonomy And Phylogenetics Of Nanometinae And Other Australasian Orb-Weaving Spiders (Araneae: Tetragnathidae)
-
6New Zealand Fungal and Plant Disease Collection (PDD)
-
5Herbario Nacional Colombiano (COL)
-
5New tryphosine amphipods from Australian waters (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Lysianassoidea, Lysianassidae, Tryphosinae)
-
5Diveboard - Scuba diving citizen science observations
-
5Estonian University of Life Sciences Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Vascular Plant Herbarium
-
5Canadian Museum of Nature Insect Collection
-
5Vertebrate Zoology Division - Ornithology, Yale Peabody Museum
-
5University of Tartu Natural History Museum and Botanical Garden DNA and Environmental Sample Collections
-
5Entomology at ZMUC, Natural History Musem of Denmark
-
5Anymals+plants - Citizen Science Data
-
4Revision of the Australian bee fly genus Sisyromyia White, 1916 (Bombyliidae, Bombyliinae, Acrophthalmydini)
-
4Review of the Scorpaena papillosa species complex (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae) with description of a new species from southwestern Australia
-
4New genera, species and records of Maeridae from Australian Waters: Austromaera, Ceradocus, Glossomaera, Hamimaera, Huonella gen. nov., Linguimaera and Maeraceterus gen. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
-
4WOLL AVH data
-
4CAS Invertebrate Zoology (IZ)
-
4University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Division of Fishes
-
4Fungus Collections at Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe (Herbarium KR)
-
4Polyzosteria cockroaches in Tasmania (Blattodea: Blattidae: Polyzosteriinae) represent a new, endemic species, with allopatric alpine and coastal sub-populations
-
4The Fungal Collection at the Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz
-
4Herbarium Berolinense, Berlin (B)
-
4Spider Mites Collection of Jean Gutierrez
-
4NatureShare
-
4Systematics, distribution and biology of the Australian ' micro-flea' wasps, Baeus spp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae): parasitoids of spider eggs.
-
4SIO Marine Vertebrate Collection
-
3Bryophyte herbarium TRH, NTNU University Museum
-
3Lichen herbarium, Oslo (O) UiO
-
3Canadian Museum of Nature Crustacea Collection
-
3The Ohakunea group in Tasmania, with description of Colonomyia tasmanica sp. n. (Diptera: Sciaroidea)
-
3SIO Benthic Invertebrate Collection
-
3Culture Collection of Microalgae and Zygnematophyceae Collection Hamburg (MZCH-SVCK)
-
3Melbourne Water Frog Census
-
3Borror Lab of Bioacoustics (BLB), Ohio State University
-
2The Australian Lymexylidae (Coleoptera: Tenerionoidea) with one new genus and two genera new to Australia
-
2MVZ Mammal Collection (Arctos)
-
2Rutgers University, Chrysler Herbarium
-
2Occurrence records of southern African aquatic biodiversity
-
2Estonian University of Life Sciences Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Mycological Herbarium
-
2Delaware Museum of Natural History – Mollusks
-
2Reiner Richter Odonata
-
2Occurrences of Boeckella at high latitudes in the southern hemisphere
-
2NCSM Mollusk Collection
-
2Recent Invertebrates Specimens
-
2Records of the Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium
-
2CAS Ichthyology (ICH)
-
2A revision of Australian Pectinariidae (Polychaeta), with new species and new records
-
2The Albert J. Cook Arthropod Research Collection
-
2Pl@ntNet observations
-
2Natural History Museum, Vienna - Herbarium W
-
2Field Museum of Natural History (Botany) Fungi Collection
-
2Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014
-
2Vertebrate Zoology Division - Mammalogy, Yale Peabody Museum
-
2Harvard University Herbaria: All Records
-
2PSM Vertebrates Collection
-
2Ohio State Acarology Laboratory (OSAL), Ohio State University
-
2The Coleoptera collection (EC) of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN - Paris)
-
2Estonian Naturalists’ Society
-
1The molluscs collection (IM) of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN - Paris)
-
1Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Insect Collection
-
1A new genus and two new species of miniature clingfishes from temperate southern Australia (Teleostei, Gobiesocidae)
-
1A revision of the genus Minibiotus (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae) with descriptions of eleven new species from Australia
-
1FLOR - Herbário do Departamento de Botânica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
-
1FBIP: IZIKO Marine Bony Fish (1884-2013)
-
1Revision of the Australian planthopper genus Chidaea Emeljanov with a redescription of Cixius sidnicus Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae)
-
1Brigham Young University Life Science Museum (BYU) Mammal Collection (Arctos)
-
1Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
-
1Three new species of Crane Fly from Australia (Diptera: Tipuloidea)
-
1University of British Columbia Herbarium (UBC) - Lichen Collection
-
1UCSB - University of California Santa Barbara Herbarium
-
1The oribatid mite genus Topalia in Australia (Oribatida: Nosybeidae) and the taxonomic status of related families and genera
-
1New Species Of Apterobiroina L. Papp And Bentrovata Richards (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) From Australia
-
1University of Colorado, Museum of Natural History Herbarium Bryophyte Collection
-
1Intermountain Herbarium (Vascular plants & algae)
-
1UWBM Mammalogy Collection (Arctos)
-
1UWFC Ichthyology Collection
-
1Sizing Ocean Giants
-
1SDNHM Birds Collection
-
1Danish Mycological Society, fungal records database
-
1Biologiezentrum Linz
-
1UF Invertebrate Zoology
-
1University of Alberta E. H. Strickland Entomological Museum (UASM)
-
1Descriptions of eighteen new species of Glemparon, a previously monotypic genus of Porricondylinae (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae)
-
1MPM Milwaukee Public Museum Herbarium
-
1ABBBS Bird Banding records from the Australian Antarctic Territory and Heard Island
-
1RV Investigator Voyage IN2017_V02 Seabird Observations, Australia (2017)
-
1DNA Barcoding and Integrative Taxonomy of the Heterolepisma sclerophylla species complex (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Heterolepismatinae) and the Description of Two New Species
-
1Ouellet-Robert Entomological Collection (QMOR) - Specimens
-
1Australian Marsh Beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae). 9. The relations of Australasian Ypsiloncyphon species to their Asian congeners, additions, mainly to Petrocyphon and Prionocyphon, and a key to Australian genera of Scirtinae
-
1Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Collection (HWML) Parasite Collection (Arctos)
-
1A new genus and species of Australian Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) tolerant to mine waste
-
1MSB Bird Collection (Arctos)
-
1University of British Columbia Herbarium (UBC) - Fungi Collection
-
1Patterns of population genetic structure among Australian and South Pacific humpback whales 2007/11
-
1Naturalis Biodiversity Center (NL) - Mollusca
-
1LSU Shirley C. Tucker Herbarium at Louisiana State University - Lichens
-
1MVZ Bird Collection (Arctos)
-
1UCR - University of California, Riverside Herbarium - Vascular Plants
-
1Price Institute of Parasite Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah
-
1Geneva Herbarium – General Collection (G)
-
1New data on the taxonomy, distribution and host plants of Australian Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera: Epermenioidea)