Chenopodium opulifolium Sehrad. ex W.D.J.
- Dataset
- Chenopodiaceae - Fumariaceae (Chenopodium)
- Rank
- SPECIES
Classification
- kingdom
- Plantae
- phylum
- Tracheophyta
- class
- Magnoliopsida
- order
- Caryophyllales
- family
- Amaranthaceae
- genus
- Chenopodium
- species
- Chenopodium opulifolium
biology_ecology
Biology. Usually flowering in late autumn. The seeds rarely ripen in Norden.
description
Koch & Ziz Fig. 12 D
description
Therophyte (summer-annual). 20 - 80 (- 200) cm, young parts often greyish-green due to a dense cover of vesicular hairs. Stem terete to subangular, striped with green or uniformly greenish, hardly ever red-tinged, without red spots in the axils, hard, usually erect, often branched especially near the base; branches fairly long. Leaves with petiole often almost as long as the blade, green, especially small leaves often densely farinose. Lower and middle leaf-blades broadly ovate to rhombic or trullate, usually slightly 3 - lobed with short, prominent side-lobes, (1 -) 2.5 - 4 (- 5) cm, as wide as long or slightly wider than long; base broadly cuneate to almost truncate; margin with several acute teeth or entire; apex acute to obtuse. Upper leaf-blades clearly longer than wide, with a pair of acute basal teeth or lobes. Bracts lanceolate, entire, acuminate to mucronate. Inflorescences often conspicuously grey-farinose, terminal and axillary, panicle-like or somewhat spike-like; glomerules numerous, relatively small. Flowers bisexual or female. Tepals 5, connate halfway, densely farinose, keeled to winged, with narrow membranous margin and + / - obtuse apex. Stamens 5. Stigmas 2, 0.5 - 1.1 mm. Nut falling with the perianth; pericarp easily detached. Seed suborbicular in outline, 1.1 - 1.4 mm; edge rounded; seed-coat black, glossy, with obscure radial striae. - Late summer to autumn. [2 n = 54]
discussion
Hybridization. Hybrids of Chenopodium opulifolium are known with C. album var. album. Similar taxa. Small-leaved plants of Chenopodium opulifolium are sometimes mistaken for C. berlandieri (19), C. suecicum (14) or C. album (15), all of which may have + / - 3 - lobed leaves. In C. opulifolium the leaf-blade is relatively wider than in any of the others.
distribution
Distribution. A casual alien; earlier mainly brought in with ballast, more recently usually with grain (mainly from Russia but also from the Mediterranean) and occasionally with cork. - D c. 50 records from c. 30 localities 1886 - 1973, most frequent after 1926; NJy Alborg 1933, 1955, OJy 4 localities, latest Assentoft 1973, FyL Middelfart 1960, Odense 1910, Svendborg 1911, 1956, Sjae c. 20 localities, mainly in the Kobenhavn area, latest Hagesholm 1969, LFM Nykobing 1936, 1942, Stege. N most records fairly old (ballast places and grain mills) in coastal towns from 0 / to Ho Bergen; ST Skaun 1930; recently in VA Kristiansand 1969 (granaries) and SF Jolster 1988 (field, probably manured by poultry farm or mill refuse). S Sk c. 10 localities 1891 - 1932, Landskrona 1963, Bl Karlskrona 1894 - 96,1933,1943, Karlshamn 1897, Loesen 1818, Gtl Visby 1888, Kim Kalmar 1952, BhG numerous records from the Goeteborg area 1923 - 62, Kungaelv 1926 - 27, Vg Boras 1914, Vaestra Tunhem (on ore from Turkey) 1958, Srm Nacka several records 1894 - 1931, Vsm Vaesteras 1926, Upi Karsta 1998, Sollentuna 1925, Stockholm several records 1913 - 24, Uppsala 1903, Aelvkarleby 1874, Gii Gaevle 1929, 1930, Vb Umea 1904 (ballast), LL Kvikkjokk. 1864. A report from S Hl Halmstad 1911 (Georgson et al. 1997) is based on misdetermined C. suecicum; for 2 other reports from the province (Ahlfvengren 1924) there are no vouchers. F V Turku 1953 - 63, Naantali 1975, 1994, Raisio 1961 - 62, U Helsinki 1901 - 64 (also with Moroccan cork), Elimaeki 1985, EH Nokia 1972,1992, Tampere 1969 - 75, EP Vaasa 1953, PH Kuopio 1947 and OP Oulu I 960. The Mediterranean region and C Europe to SW Asia, south to tropical Africa.
materials_examined
Type: Germany, Pfalz (" e Palati nata ") ex herb. Wikstroem (S) lectotype, sel. by Beauge, Chenopodium album et especes affines: 83 (1974).