Leucothoe macquariae Krapp-Schickel & Broyer 2014
- Dataset
- Revision of Leucothoe (Amphipoda, Crustacea) from the Southern Ocean: a cosmopolitanism concept is vanishing
- Rank
- SPECIES
- Published in
- Krapp-Schickel, Traudl, Broyer, Claude De (2014): Revision of Leucothoe (Amphipoda, Crustacea) from the Southern Ocean: a cosmopolitanism concept is vanishing. European Journal of Taxonomy 80: 1-55, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.80
Classification
- kingdom
- Animalia
- phylum
- Arthropoda
- class
- Malacostraca
- order
- Amphipoda
- family
- Leucothoidae
- genus
- Leucothoe
- species
- Leucothoe macquariae
description
Description Length 5 - 8 mm. Head Anterior margin rounded, anterodistal margin rectangular with rounded corner. Mid-cephalic keel not prominent. Rostrum small. Eyes large, round. Antennae short and robust, A 1 <1 / 3 of body length, flagellum 10 - 12 - articulate, peduncle art. 1 width twice the one of article 2, disto-inferiorly without acute tooth, length art. 1 subequal to art. 2, art. 3 about 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of art. 2, acc. flagellum not seen. Peduncle art. 3 + flagellum shorter than peduncle arts 1 + 2. A 2 subequal in length to antenna 1, peduncle art. 4> art. 5, flagellum 7 - 10 arts. Mouthparts: Mandibles lacking molars, incisor and lacinia mobilis dentate; palp 3 - articulate, art. 2 with 12 long lateral setae, art. 3 with 2 distal setae, equal to half length of art. 2. Mx 1 palp sometimes with indistinct suture, which has been recorded for the first time by White & Thomas (2009). Mx 2 with riding position of the plates, OP narrow. Mxp robust, IP small, nearly fully fused medially, OP absent; palp articles unusually wide, subquadrate. Peraeon Cx 1 smooth, length> width; anterior margin smooth, facial setae absent, inferior margin smooth. Gn 1 basis scarcely inflated, anterior margin with some short setae; ischium smooth; carpus basis more than half as long as propodus, distal part linear, narrow, about 6 x longer than wide; propodus straight, about 3 - 3.5 x as long as wide, palm with 8 short setae; dactylus smooth, reaching nearly 1 / 2 propodus length. Cx 2 subquadrangular, about as long as wide, much wider than Cx 3, distally smooth; anterior margin rounded, anterodistal corner rectangularly rounded, inferior margin straight, posterior margin excavated, facial setae absent. Gn 2 basis not inflated, on anterior margins 3 short setae; carpus nearly reaching one third of propodus length, curved, distally rounded, densely setose; propodus anterodistally without prolongation, with a bundle of setae, posterior margin in male with many low humps, in female smooth, palm convex, proximally near dactylus-end no corner; facial setae medially and submedially present; dactylus curved, both margins smooth, bare, reaching somewhat more than half of propodus length. Cx 3 length> width, anterior and posterior margin straight, subrectangular, smooth, facial setae absent. Cx 4 length subequal to width, smooth, bare, anterior margin straight, distal margin oblique, posterior margin clearly shorter than anterior one, not excavate, facial setae absent. P 3, 4 basis very narrow, a bit wider than merus; dactylus reaching nearly half length of propodus, posterior margins naked. Cx 5 - 7 facial setae absent. P 5 - 7 similar, bases length: width ratio about 1.3 (P 5) to 1.2 (P 7), anterior margins with small weak spines, posterior margins in P 5, 6 smooth, in P 7 weakly serrate. Merus to propodus anterior margin with small spines, in merus also posterior margin; merus with posterodistal corner lengthened. Pleon Ep 1 - 3 bare. Ep 2 posteroventral corner scarcely lengthened and rounded. Ep 3 posteroventral corner blunt, with small rounded and somewhat upturned corner. Uropods: U 2 the shortest, with unequal rami (ratio about 1.4), the shorter one shorter than peduncle. U 3 peduncle more robust than in the other species, margine spinose; rami unequal, ratio 1.2 to 1.25. Telson ratio l: w = 2.7, margins smooth, tip acute.
description
urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 D 484 A 0 D-EC 95 - 4 D 53 - 9 C 12 - 2 E 00 B 6 A 90 F 42 Figs 5, 11 - 12
diagnosis
Diagnosis Eyes large, round. Cephalic keel not prominent. Mandibular palp art. 3 equal to longer than 1 / 2 length of art. 2. Gn 1 propodus l: b = 3 - 3.5, dactylus reaching nearly 1 / 2 of propodus length. P 5 - 7 basis oval broadened, with regularly rounded hind margin, ratio length to width 1.7 to 1.3; posterior margin in P 7 weakly serrate. Ep 3 posterodistally with rounded upturned corner. U 3 robust, rami somewhat unequal. T l: w <3.
discussion
Remarks This species has some similarity to L. antarctica, but P 7 basis is less wide and has always a lengthened posterodistal corner (nearly semi-circularly rounded, corner not or scarcely lengthened in L. antarctica); Gn 1 propodus is much more robust here and U 3 rami are unequal (vs. U 3 slender with equal rami in L. antarctica); Ep 3 has a somewhat upturned rounded posterodistal corner (vs. rectangular corner in L. antarctica).
distribution
Distribution sub-Antarctic (Macquarie Island, 54 ° S) and Antarctic waters (Balleny Islands, 67 ° S); records from temperate waters (New Zealand: 35 ° S, 46 ° S) to be confirmed. Habitat From Codium sp., red algae, Macrocystis pyrifera holdfasts, sponges, bryozoans, colonial tunicates and sand or gravel bottom. Depth range 5 - 227 m.
etymology
Etymology The latinized adjective refers to the type locality.
materials_examined
Type material Holotype ♂ 7.5 mm in alcohol (Australian Museum, Sydney: P. 81138); Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Tottan Head, south end of Goat Bay; sta. MA 375; 30 Jan. 1978; 54.49167 ° S, 158.9625 ° E; 14 m depth; encrusting sponge, hydroid and tunicate mat on vertical wall of offshore rock. Additional material Australian Museum, Sydney P. 80891: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Garden Bay, near Hayter Rock; sta. MA 17; 23 Nov. 1977; 54.5 ° S, 159 ° E; 10 m depth; Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) Agardh holdfasts: 1 spec. immat. 4 mm. P. 80892: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Tottan Head, south end of Goat Bay; sta. MA 41; 30 Nov. 1977; 54.49167 ° S, 158.9625 ° E; 14 m depth; sponges, bryozoans and colonial tunicates from vertical rock wall of offshore rock: 3 spec. 6 - 7 mm. P. 80893: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Garden Bay; sta. MA 87; 7 Dec. 1977; 54.5 ° S, 159 ° E; 8 m depth; Macrocystis pyrifera holdfasts and sponges: 1 spec. immat. 3 mm. P. 81121: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Aerial Cove; sta. MA 108; 12 Dec. 1977; 54.5 ° S, 159 ° E; 5 m depth; sponges and bryozoans from sheltered base of vertical rock face: 11 spec. 3 - 6 mm, 1 spec. 8 mm. P. 81122: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, rocks off end of Garden Bay Peninsula; sta. MA 123; 16 Dec. 1977; 54.5 ° S, 159 ° E; 14 m depth; sponges and Codium from base of rock: 27 spec. 4 - 8 mm. P. 81123: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, rocks off end of Garden Bay Peninsula; sta. MA 125; 16 Dec. 1977; 54.5 ° S, 159 ° E; 11 m depth, sponges and red algae from vertical rock face: 1 spec. juv. 2.8 mm. P. 81125: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, south-east corner of Gorilla Head Rock; sta. MA 146; 23 Dec. 1977; 54.4875 ° S, 158.96033 ° E; 12 m depth; sponges and tunicates from exposed rock walls: 11 spec. 4 - 8 mm. P. 81126: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, south-east corner of Gorilla Head Rock; sta. MA 148; 23 Dec. 1977; 54.4875 ° S, 158.96033 ° E; 9 m depth; slate-grey sponge from underside of sand and gravel bottom in Macrocystis pyrifera bedrock overhang: 11 spec. 4 - 6 mm. P. 81127: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, south-east corner of Gorilla Head Rock; sta. MA 291; 13 Jan. 1978; 54.6 ° S, 158.9 ° E; 14 m depth; sponges on rock wall on sandy gravel bottom: 3 spec. 5 - 6 mm. P. 81128: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Sandy Bay, off rock platform 200 m S of hut; sta. MA 241; 1 Jan. 1978; 54.6 ° S, 158.9 ° E; 16 m depth; sponge, hydroid and bryozoan mat on face of large boulder on gravel bottom: 4 spec. 6 mm. P. 81129: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Green Gorge in front of hut; sta. MA 245; 7 Jan. 1978; 54.6 ° S, 158.9 ° E; 14 m depth; sponges from boulders on sand and gravel bottom in Macrocystis pyrifera bed: 3 spec. juv. 2.5 - 3 mm .. P. 81130: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Green Gorge, off rock platform 500 m S of hut; sta. MA 249; 7 Jan. 1978; 54.6 ° S, 158.9 ° E; 18 m depth; sponges, bryozoans, tunicates and algae from boulders on rocky gravel bottom: 4 spec. 4 - 7 mm. P. 81131: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Green Gorge off rock platform; sta. MA 251; 54.6 ° S, 158.9 ° E; 18 m depth; sponges, bryozoans, tunicates and algae from boulders on rocky gravel bottom:> 20 spec. 5 - 8 mm. P. 81132: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Green Gorge, off rock platform 500 m S of hut; sta. MA 287; 12 Jan. 1978; 54.6 ° S, 158.9 ° E; 11 m depth; yellow sponge on vertical rock wall in sheltered crevice: 1 ♀ 10 mm, 4 spec. 6 mm. P. 81133: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Green Gorge, Macrocystis beds east of hut; sta. MA 149; 23 Jan. 1977; 54.4875 ° S, 158.96033 ° E; 9 m depth; orange, white, yellow and green sponges, hydoids, bryozoans and tunicates from sheltered cave roof: 3 spec. 3 - 6 mm. P. 81134: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Tottan Head, south end of Goat Bay; sta. MA 367; 30 Jan. 1978; 54.49167 ° S, 158.9625 ° E, 10 m depth, yellow sponges on vertical wall of offshore rock: 4 spec. 7 - 8 mm. P. 81136: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Tottan Head, south end of Goat Bay; sta. MA 370; 30 Jan. 1978; 54.49167 ° S, 158.9625 ° E; 14 m depth; red algae, hydroids and sediment on sheltered vertical wall of offshore rock: 1 spec. 6 mm. P. 81137: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Tottan Head, south end of Goat Bay; sta. MA 374; 30 Jan. 1978; 54.49167 ° S, 158.9625 ° E; 14 m depth; encrusting sponge mat on vertical wall of offshore rock: 2 spec. 6 mm. P. 81138: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, Tottan Head, south end of Goat Bay; sta. MA 375; 30 Jan. 1978; 54.49167 ° S, 158.9625 ° E; 14 m depth; encrusting sponge, hydroid and tunicate mat on vertical wall of offshore rock:> 20 spec. 7 - 8 mm. P. 81140: Southern Ocean, Macquarie Island, far rocks off end of Garden Bay Peninsula; sta. MA 379; 01 Feb. 1978; 54.49917 ° S, 158.9591 ° E; 11 m depth; sponges, hydrozoans, bryozoans from under rock overhangs and in small caves in exposed area: 2 spec. 5 - 6 mm, 1 ♀ ov. 7 mm (slide). NIWA, Wellington NIWA 7848: sta. C 0730; 24 Nov. 1961; south of Macquarie Island; 54 ° 55.00 ’ S, 158 ° 47.00 ’ E; 110 m depth: 2 spec. 5 mm. NIWA 20875: sta. TAN 0402 / 231; 04 Mar. 2004; off Balleny Islands; 67.4205017 ° S, 163.9391632 ° E to 67.4205017 ° S, 163.9391632 ° E; 111 m depth: 4 spec. 3.5 - 5 mm.? NIWA 7850: sta. B 0221; 21 May 1960; New Zealand, Foveaux Strait; 46 ° 40.00 ’ S, 168 ° 16.80 ’ E; 31 m depth: ♀ ov. 5 mm, ♀ ov. 3 mm.? NIWA 7856: sta. A 0013; 29 Jan. 1955; New Zealand, near Auckland; 35.9832993 ° S, 176.1166992 ° E; 227 m depth: 1 spec. in 5 slides, 6 spec.? NIWA 7857: no locality: 3 spec. 5 - 6 mm.